Self-study
P1
Even in the midst of its resurgence as a vital tradition, many sociologists have viewed the current form of the powwow, a ceremonial gathering of native Americans, as a sign that tribal culture is in decline. ███
Sociologists' Argument ·
Tribal culture is in decline
Sociologists' Argument ·
Intertribal movement will erode dissolve tribes and result in broader assimilation into mainstream American culture
Sociologists' Argument ·
Pan-Indian Theory
Sociologists believe that greater intertribal activity, greater urbanization, and increasing politicization result in greater intertribalism.
P2
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Concession ·
Intertribalism has been increasing
Critique (of Sociologists) ·
But unique tribal traditions have been increasingly revitalized as well
Examples ·
Revival of the Sun Dance; of traditional societies
Critique (of Sociologists) ·
The change is more complex than just intertribalism and assimilation
P3
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Critique ·
of Pan-Indian theory's assumption
The sociologists' theory assumes that minority culture will succumb to majority culture upon contact. But there's no evidence that's true.
P4
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Concession ·
It's true that intertribal activities are important now
For example, intertribal dances; intertribal speeches (delivered in English).
Critique ·
But that misses the point
Culture borrowing has always happened. What's important is that tribes are consciously making efforts to distinguish themselves.
P5
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Main Point ·
Tribalism is still very powerful
Intertribalism doesn't threaten tribalism. It reinforces native American identity along a broader front.
Passage Style
Critique or debate
18.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ██████████████
a
critical of its ████████ ██ █████████ █████████ ███████ ██ ████████ █████████
Unsupported. There is no evidence that the Pan-Indian sociologists attributed political motives to cultural practices. The author cannot be critical of something that did not happen.
b
discomfort at its ████████ ████████████████ ██ ████████ █████████ ██ ██████ █████████
Unsupported. There is no evidence that the Pan-Indian sociologists viewed cultural borrowing as negative. They merely interpret such borrowing as evidence of a larger sociological trend toward assimilation. Since this didn't happen, the author cannot be said to be uncomfortable with it.
c
hopeful about its ███████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ███████
Anti-supported. This is low-res wrong. "Hopeful" is a positive attitude. The author's attitude is negative.
d
offended by its █████ ████ ████████████ ██ █ █████████ ███████████ ██ ████████ ███████
Unsupported. There is no evidence that the Pan-Indian sociologists viewed cultural borrowing as positive. They merely interpret such borrowing as evidence of a larger sociological trend toward assimilation. Since this didn't happen, the author cannot be said to be offended by it.
e
skeptical that it ██ █ ████████ ███████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████████ ███████
Supported. The author believes that the Pan-Indian theory is