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Attorney for Ziegler: My client continued to do consulting work between the time of his arrest for attempted murder and the start of this trial. ███ █ ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ██ █████ ███ █████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████ ██████████ ██ ████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ███ ████████ ████ █████████ ██ ████████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ██████ ███ ████████ ████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ████ █████ ██ ███ ███
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that Ziegler was insane at the time he fired the shot. This is based on the fact that the people accusing Ziegler of a crime submitted no evidence that Ziegler was sane at the time of the shot. They’ve only submitted evidence Ziegler was sane after the shot.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The author overlooks the fact that there’s evidence Ziegler was sane after the shot constitutes evidence that Ziegler was sane at the time of the shot, too. In addition, the author overlooks the fact that, even if there was a failure to submit evidence of Ziegler’s sanity at the time of the shot, that doesn’t prove Ziegler was insane at the time. Absence of evidence for a particular proposition (that Ziegler was sane at the time of the shot) does not constitute evidence against that proposition.
21.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ █ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █████████ █████████
a
It presumes that █████ █ █████████████ ████████████ ██ ████████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ █████████
b
It concludes on ███ █████ ██ ████████ ███████ █████████ █████ ████ ████ █████ ██ █ ████ ██ ████████ ███ █████████ █████ █████
c
It fails to ████████ ████ ███████ █████ ████ ████ ██████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ █ ███████████
d
It presumes that ███████ ███ ██ ████ ██ ████████ ██ ███████ ███ ██ ███████ ███████████ ███ █████ ████████
e
It fails to ████████ ███ ███████████ ████ █████████ █████ ████ █████ ███ ████████ ██ ██ ██████████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ███ █████████