Self-study
Support Pieces of music consist of sounds and silences presented to the listener in a temporal order. █ █████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ██ █ ████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ ██ ████ ██ ██████████ ████ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ █████ ██ ██████ ███ █████████ ██████████ ██ █████████ ███████████ ███████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███████ █████ ███ ██ ███████ █████████ ██ ████ ███████ █████ ███ █ ████████ █████████ ███ ███████ █ ████████ ███ █████
Summarize Argument
The argument concludes that a difference between music and paintings is that hearing music has a temporal element but that looking at a painting has none because there’s no specific path a viewer’s eyes must follow while looking at a painting, while music presents listeners with ordered sounds and silences.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The argument reasons that because there’s no specific line a viewer’s eyes must follow while looking at a painting, but music pieces have a particular order, hearing music has a temporal element while viewing a painting has none. However, the argument is flawed because it concludes that paintings have no temporal element after only pointing out that there isn’t a particular order in which a viewer must look at a painting. While there may be no particular order, that doesn’t necessarily mean that paintings have no temporal dimension.
20.
The reasoning in the argument ██ ██████ ███████
a
the argument does ███ █████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██ ████████████ █ ████████ ███████ █████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ████
The argument doesn’t address whether viewers can lose track of time while looking at a painting.
b
the argument is █████ ██ █ ████ ███████ ██████████ ██ █████ ████ ████ ███ ███████████ ███ ████████████ █████ ██████████ ██████
Distinctions between music styles are irrelevant to the argument. The argument just says that music doesn’t have a temporal dimension.
c
the argument fails ██ █████ ███ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ███ ████████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ██ █████ ██ ████████ ██████████
The argument isn’t about the similarities between music and painting. It only focuses on a possible difference.
d
relying on the ████████ ██ █████████ ██ ████████████ ███ █ ████████ ██ ██████ ███████████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ██ █████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ████ ████████████████
The argument doesn’t presuppose anything. It uses the metaphor of “reading” to describe how a painting is viewed, but it doesn’t cite that metaphor for why music and paintings are different. It cites the lack of a particular path for viewers to follow when looking at a painting.
e
the absence of █ ██████████ ████ ████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ ████ ███ ██████ ████ ███ ███ ███████ ██ ████
This is a possibility the argument ignores. Even if viewers’ eyes don’t follow a particular path when looking at a painting, their eyes may still follow some path, allowing the possibility that paintings have a temporal element.