Self-study
P1
In recent years, a growing belief that the way society decides what to treat as true is controlled through largely unrecognized discursive practices has led legal reformers to examine the complex interconnections between narrative and law. ██ ████ █████ ████████ █████ █████████ ███ █████ ██ █████████ ███████ █████ ███████ ███████ ██████ █████████ █████ ███████ ██████ ███ ██████ ████ ████████ ████ ███████ ██ ████ ███ ██████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███
Context ·
How do we decide what is true or false?
Legal systems use competing narratives about events; judges and juries assign "truth"
Introduce concept ·
Objectivism
The "objective" view is neutral, unbiased, and more reliable than other views
Apply concept ·
of objectivism to legal "truth"
Truth is found in an objective view of events
Criticism ·
No one holds an objective view
Support criticism ·
According to psychologists, everyone holds biases
Author's perspective ·
Legal views are subjective, not objective
P2
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Problem ·
Objectivist assumptions favor those with legal training
Accounts by those who understand the law are (wrongly) seen as objective and true; others accounts are (wrongly) seen as false
P3
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Solution ·
according to some legal scholars
Alternative legal narratives
Explain solution ·
Replace abstract objectivist discourse with personal narratives
Support solution ·
Personal stories elicit empathy
Implications of solution ·
Disruption of status quo, less advantage bestowed by legal training, emphasis on empathy
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Problem-analysis
14.
The passage suggests that Williams, █████ ███ ███████ █████ ████ ██████ █████ ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██████████ █████████ ████████ ████████
a
Personal stories are ████ ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███████████ ████ ███ █████ █████ ██ ██████████
We have no reason to think the scholars believe personal stories adhere at all to the principles of objectivism. Objectivism involves a neutral description of events rather than subjective experiences.
b
Personal stories are ████ ██████ ██ ███████████ ███████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ████████ ████ ███ ███████████ █████ ██ █████ ██████████
c
Personal stories are ████ ██████ ██ ███████ ███████████ ██ ███ █████ █████████████ ████ ███ ████ ███████████ █████ ██ ██████████
Not supported, because the author suggests personal stories can
d
Personal stories are ████ ██████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ████████ ██████████████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ███████████ █████ ██ █████ ██████████
We have no reason to think the scholars believe personal stories are more likely to lead to accurate reconstruction of facts. None of the points they make in P4 regarding personal narratives relates to getting a more accurate understanding of facts.
e
Personal stories are ████ ██████ ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █ ████████ █████████████ ███████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ █████ █████ ██ ██████████
The author mentions that