PT108.S1.P2.Q15

PrepTest 108 - Section 1 - Passage 2 - Question 15

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P1

In recent years, a growing belief that the way society decides what to treat as true is controlled through largely unrecognized discursive practices has led legal reformers to examine the complex interconnections between narrative and law. ██ ████ █████ ████████ █████ █████████ ███ █████ ██ █████████ ███████ █████ ███████ ███████ ██████ █████████ █████ ███████ ██████ ███ ██████ ████ ████████ ████ ███████ ██ ████ ███ ██████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███

Context · How do we decide what is true or false?
Legal systems use competing narratives about events; judges and juries assign "truth"
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Introduce concept · Objectivism
The "objective" view is neutral, unbiased, and more reliable than other views
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Apply concept · of objectivism to legal "truth"
Truth is found in an objective view of events
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Criticism · No one holds an objective view
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Support criticism · According to psychologists, everyone holds biases
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Author's perspective · Legal views are subjective, not objective
P2

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Problem · Objectivist assumptions favor those with legal training
Accounts by those who understand the law are (wrongly) seen as objective and true; others accounts are (wrongly) seen as false
P3

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Solution · according to some legal scholars
Alternative legal narratives
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Explain solution · Replace abstract objectivist discourse with personal narratives
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Support solution · Personal stories elicit empathy
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Implications of solution · Disruption of status quo, less advantage bestowed by legal training, emphasis on empathy
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Problem-analysis
Show answer
15.

Which one of the following ██████████ █████ █████ █████████ ██ █████ ███████ █████ ██ ███████████ ███ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████████

a

In most Western ██████████ ███ █████ █████████████ ████████ ██████ ██ ████████ ██ █████ ██████████

Not supported, because we have no evidence of who controls access to training. It’s easy to assume that the legal establishment controls access to legal training, but that’s just not something we have evidence of from the passage.

9%
b

Expertise in legal █████████ ███████ █████ ██ ████ ███████ ██████████

Supported, because we know that the author thinks personal narrative can “create a sense of empathy between legal insiders and people traditionally excluded from legal discourse, and hence, power.” By saying, “and hence, power,” we know the author thinks exclusion from legal discourse excludes one from power. In addition, the author also indicates that the legal scholars seek “empowerment” of people who aren’t fluent in law.

81%
c

Legal discourse has ██████ █████████████ ████ ████████ ███ ████ ██████████

Not supported, because although we know that legal discourse is traditionally abstract, we don’t know that it has become “progressively more abstract” over centuries.

3%
d

Legal discourse has █████████████ ██████ ███ █████████ ██ ████████ █████████ ██████████

Anti-supported, because traditional legal discourse assumes the existence of neutral, objective observers.

2%
e

Traditional legal discourse █████ ██ █████████ █████████ █████ ██████

Not supported. We have no evidence traditional legal discourse wants to help resolve or bring together different world views. In fact, it assumes that there’s only one neutral description that is “privileged” over all other views. Rather than reconciling other views, traditional legal discourse arguably rejects other views.

5%

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