PT109.S1.Q17

PrepTest 109 - Section 1 - Question 17

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Expert witness: Ten times, and in controlled circumstances, a single drop of the defendant's blood was allowed to fall onto the fabric. ███ ██ ███ ███ ██████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ████ ██ █████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ██████ ███████ ███ ███ ███ ████ █ ████████ ████ █ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ███████████ █████ ██████ ████ ████ ████ ███ ███ ██ ███ ███████

Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis

The expert witness presents the hypothesis that a single drop of the defendant’s blood stains much less than 9.5 cm2 of the fabric. This hypothesis is supported by an observation that, in each of ten controlled tests, a drop of the defendant’s blood stained a much smaller area—only 4.5 to 4.8 cm2.

Notable Assumptions

The expert witness assumes that the controlled conditions of the ten tests are relevantly similar to (presumably) the crime scene. In other words, the expert assumes that the defendant’s blood would not have stained a much larger area in different, more relevant conditions.

The expert also assumes that ten tests are a large enough sample size to know how much fabric will be stained by a drop of blood. In other words, the expert assumes that more tests would not have changed the results.

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17.

Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ ██████████ ███ █████ ██ ███ ████████ ███ ███ ██████ █████████ ███████████

a

If similar results ███ ████ █████ █████ ███ ████ █████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██████ ███ ████████ █████ ██ ████ █████████

b

Expert witnesses have █████████ ████ █████ ██ █████ █████ ████ ██ ██████ ████ ███ █████████████ █████

c

In an eleventh ████ ████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██████ ███ ████ ███████ ███ ████ ████ ████ ███ ██████████ ████ ████████ ███ ████

d

Another person's blood ███ ████████████ ███ ██ █████████ █████████ ██████████████ ███████ ███████ ███ ███ ████ ███ ██ ███ ███████

e

Not all expert █████████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██ █████ ██████ ████ ████ █████ ██ ███

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