Self-study
People should avoid taking the antacid calcium carbonate in doses larger than half a gram, for despite its capacity to neutralize stomach acids, calcium carbonate can increase the calcium level in the blood and thus impair kidney function. █████████ ████ ████ █ ████ ██ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████████ █ ███████ ███████ ████ ████████ ████ ██████████
Summary
People should avoid taking calcium carbonate in doses larger than half a gram. Why? Because, despite its ability to neutralize stomach acids, it can increase the calcium level in the blood and therefore impair kidney function. Just half a gram of calcium carbonate could stimulate the production of gastrin, which causes acid secretion.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Half a gram of calcium carbonate could cause both acid neutralization and acid secretion.
19.
Which one of the following ██ ████ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██████
a
Cessation of gastrin ██████████ ██ █ ████ █████████ ██████ ██ ███████████ ██████ ███████ ████ ████ ██ ██████ ██████████████ ██ ███████ █████
We don’t know whether stopping gastrin production is a more effective way to control excess stomach acid. We only know that gastrin is a cause of acid secretion.
b
People who avoid ██████ ████ ████ ████ █ ████ ██ ███████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████ ████████ ██████ █████████
We don’t know the average likelihood of suffering from impaired kidney function.
c
Doses of calcium █████████ ███████ ████ ████ █ ████ ███ ██████ ███████ ████ ████ ███████████ ████ ████ ██████ █████ ███
We don’t know whether smaller does of calcium carbonate are more effective than larger doses for reducing stomach acid.
d
Half a gram ██ ███████ █████████ ███ ████████ ██████████ ██ ████ ███ █████████ ███ ███ ██████████████ ██ ███████ ██████
We know that calcium carbonate has the capacity to neutralize stomach acid, but we also know that half a gram of calcium carbonate has the potential to cause acid secretion through the production of gastrin.
e
Impaired kidney function ███ ████████ ███ █████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ██████
We don’t know whether impaired kidney function increases the level of calcium in the blood. Rather, we know that increased levels of calcium in the blood could cause impaired kidney function.