Self-study
Scientists agree that ingesting lead harms young children. ████ ████ █████ ███████ ██ █████ █████████ █████████ ████ █████ ████ ███████ ███ ███ ██ ████ █████ ███ ██████ █████ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ █████ ████ ██████████ ████ █████ ████ ████ █████████ ███ ███████ ██ ████ █████ ████ █████ █████████ █████████ ████ ████████ ████████ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ████ ████████ ██████ ██ █████ █████████ █████████ ███████
"Surprising" Phenomenon
Why do scientists believe that removing lead paint from older buildings will lead to a higher level of lead ingestion for children in these buildings, compared to leaving it?
Objective
The correct answer must explain why the process of removing lead paint will lead to more children ingesting it. It’s likely that the lead paint cannot be easily removed without unintended consequences that increase children’s exposure to it.
1.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ███████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ████████
a
Lead-free paints contain ██████████ ████ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ████ █████ ███
This is irrelevant. Only the scientists’ beliefs about lead paint are discussed, so it the harms of lead-free paint don;t matter. The right answer must explain why removing lead paint might make it more likely to be ingested.
b
The money required ██ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ ████ █████ ████ █████████ █████ █████ ██ █████ ██ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████ ██ █████████
The cost of removal is irrelevant, since the scientists’ beliefs are only about the likelihood of the paint being ingested. We only want to know about the ingestion risk of removing lead paint, not if removal is the best option overall.
c
Other sources of ████ ██ █████ █████████ █████████ ███ ███████████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ████████ ██████ ██ █████ █████████ ███████
Similar to (E), this is irrelevant since it tells us nothing about the dangers of removing lead paint. The correct answer must explain why scientists believe that removing the paint will be more harmful than leaving it.
d
Removing lead paint ████ █████ █████████ █ █████ ████ ██ ████ █████ █████ ██ ████ ██████ ████████ ██ ████████ ████ ██ █████ ██ ██████
This could explain why the scientists are wary about removing the paint. This information explains how the removal process would lead to children ingesting more lead paint than if the paint were left alone.
e
Many other environmental ███████ ████ ███████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ████ ██████
Similar to (C), this is irrelevant since it tells us nothing about the dangers of removing lead paint. The correct answer must explain why scientists believe that removing the paint will be more harmful than leaving it.