Self-study
Economist: Technology now changes so rapidly that workers need periodic retraining. ████ ██████████ ███ ██ █████████ ████ ██ ██ ██████ ██████████ █████████ ██ ████ █████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ██████ █████ ████████████ ███ ██████████ ████████ ███ ██ ██████ █ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ███████ ███████ ████████████
Summary
The author concludes that large governmental retraining programs are NOT a viable option for retraining workers efficiently.
Why?
Because in order for retraining to be efficient it MUST allow individual companies to meet their own short-term needs. (”Only if” introduces a necessary condition.)
Notable Assumptions
The author assumes that large governmental retraining programs do not allow individual companies to meet their own short-term needs.
12.
Which one of the following ██ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████████ █████████
a
Workers did not ████ ██ ██ █████████ ████ ███ ████ ██ █████████████ ██████ ███ ██████ ████ ██ ██ ██████████
Not necessary, because even if workers did need retraining back when tech. change was slower, the argument is about the current situation, in which tech. change is more rapid. Whatever was true in the past does not affect what is necessary for retraining today.
b
Large job retraining ████████ ████ ██ ████ █████████ ████ ███████ ████████ ██ ███ ████ ██ █████████████ ██████ ██████
Not necessary, because the argument never compares large retraining programs to small retraining programs.
c
No single type ██ ██████████ ███████ ██ ████ █████████ ██ ██████████ █████████████ ████████
Not necessary, because it’s possible for a single type of retraining program to be the most efficient. The author’s argument is just that large government retraining programs are not the most efficient; something else can be the most efficient.
d
Large governmental job ██████████ ████████ ██ ███ ████ ███ ██████████ █████ ██ █████████ ██████████ ██████████
Necessary, because if this were not true — if large gov. retraining programs DO meet the short-term needs of different individual companies, then we have no reason from the premise to think that they’re not going to be efficient. The author must assume that large gov. retraining programs don’t have what’s required to be efficient.
e
Technological workers are ████ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ████ ██ █████ ██ ████ ████ ███ █████ ████ ███ ███████ ████████
Not necessary, because the author never compares the movement patterns of tech. workers.