Self-study
P1
Many educators in Canada and the United States advocate multicultural education as a means of achieving multicultural understanding. ███
Intro topic ·
Multicultural education
First proposal ·
Teach about other cultures from within context of majority culture
Schools and colleges should teach students through the lens of majority culture values (liberalism).
P2
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Critics of first proposal ·
Genuine understanding of other cultures impossible using lens of majority culture
Not all cultures share liberal values.
P3
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Second proposal ·
Multicultural education should be neutral about different cultures' values
Shaped by Western culture ·
Second proposal still uses Western methods
The second proposal still uses tools of anthropology, political science, and other Western disciplines.
P4
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Critics of second proposal ·
Second proposal is just like first
Can't understand other cultures using scientific method, because science is rooted in Western values that are not necessarily shared by other cultures.
Passage Style
Critique or debate
13.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ █████ ███████ ███ █████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████ ██ █████████████ ██████████
a
It is impossible ██ █████ ███ ████████████ ███ ███████ ██ █ ███████ ██████ ███ ██ █ ██████ ██ ████ ████████
This is the best answer. If (A) is true, then what the critics think we need to do is simply impossible — we can’t study other cultures using their methods and perspectives, because we aren’t members of that culture. So the critics’ desired approach just doesn’t work.
b
Many non-Western societies ████ █████ ███████ ████ ███ ████ ███████ ██ ███ ████████
This doesn’t undermine the objection, because even if some other cultures are very similar, it’s still the case that a Western person studying those cultures might need to adopt the perspectives of those other cultures to study them.
c
Some non-Western societies ███ █████ ███ █████ ██████ ████ ████████ ████████ ████ ████ █████████ ███████
This doesn’t undermine the criticism, because the critics would simply argue that those non-Western societies are also doing something that won’t achieve genuine cultural understanding.
d
Students in Western █████████ ██████ ██████████ █████ █████████ ████████████ ██████ ████ ████████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ███████████████
This doesn’t undermine the criticism, because allowing students to understand the achievements of their own culture isn’t the goal of multicultural education. So even if students in Western societies need to use Western methods to understand Western achivements, that doesn’t affect what’s required to understand other cultures.
e
Genuine understanding of ███████ ███████ ██ █████████ ███ ██████████ ████████████ ████ ████████
The passage concerns proposals for achieving genuine understanding of another culture. What’s required for “appreciating” a culture is a separate issue that neither proposal nor the criticism relates to.