Self-study
P1
In studying the autobiographies of Native Americans, most scholars have focused on as-told-to life histories that were solicited, translated, recorded, and edited by non-Native American collaborators—that emerged from .
Traditional approach to Native American autobiographies ·
Focused on histories translated, recorded, edited, by non-NA people
Limits of traditional approach ·
Overlooks non-written communications and fact that some NA didn't share European concept of self, life and writing
P2
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Differences in idea of self ·
NA identity involves relation to society and broader world
So, NA expressions of life experiences are more fragmented than European expressions.
Difference in mode of expression ·
NA used oral communication, dance, and drama; not just writing
P3
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Examples of autobiographical expressions ·
Tattoos, artifacts, painted tepee
These all can symbolize life experiences and desires.
P4
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Other influences on autobiographical narrative ·
Tribal participation in expression, European shaping of NA autobiography
Tribes contributed to some autobriographical expressions (like painting of a tepee). And, Europeans who recorded NA autobiographies may have shaped the narrative based on own cultural perspective.
Passage Style
Single position
15.
Which one of the following ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ███████ ███████████ ██ ██████ ████████ ███████████████ ████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ████████
a
This captures the author’s negative attitude toward the scholarship. The author thinks the scholarship has failed to address certain aspects of Native American life and writing.
b
This doesn’t convey a negative attitude.
c
This doesn’t convey a negative attitude.
d
This doesn’t convey a negative attitude. Being more fragmented is not something inherently negative. In addition, the phrase “more fragmented” was used in connection with the stories written by Native Americans; it doesn’t refer to the scholarship described in the first paragraph.
e
This doesn’t convey a negative attitude. In addition, the scholarship in the first paragraph focuses on non-Native American writers who collaborated with Native Americans. So we have no reason to think these writers were not using a European style.