Self-study
P1
The proponents of the Modern Movement in architecture considered that, compared with the historical styles that it replaced, Modernist architecture more accurately reflected the .
Intro topic ·
the Modern Movement in architecture
Supporters of the movement said Modernist stuff reflected modern technology and the newest building methods better than older architecture styles. But, it didn't fit how buildings were actually made.
P2
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Author's perspective ·
Supporters of Modern Movement partially caused its decline
Historical context ·
Modern Movement not popular with the public, but its supporters pushed it on people
Supporters got the movement to become mainstream, and highlighted only "modern" aspects of famous architects.
P3
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Elaborate on author's perspective ·
How Modern Movement declined
Modernist architects were ignorant of building methods and were too focused on aesthetics.
Additional important factor ·
Construction industry became more specialized and fragmented
This meant an architect's design had to allow for a bunch of different operations. But Modernist designs wanted to expose the structural materials of the building, which was difficult and expensive to do when so many different construction operations were involved.
P4
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Author's perspective ·
Modern Movement declined because of its ideal of exposing structural elements
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
23.
With respect to the proponents ██ ███ ██████ █████████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ███ ████ ██ █████████ ██
a
forbearing
This doesn’t fit, because we don’t have any evidence the author is patient or restrained regarding the proponents.
b
defensive
The author isn’t defensive toward the proponents; she openly criticizes them.
c
unimpressed
This is the best answer. The author thinks their construction and design philosophy caused their own downfall. Their philosophy didn’t fit with the way construction actually worked. Also, the author doesn’t identify anything positive about the proponents’ philosophy.
d
exasperated
The author doesn’t express intense irritation or frustration. The proponents already failed — the passage merely reports the causes of their failure. But there’s nothing to be frustrated or irritated about, since the proponents’ philosophy has already declined.
e
indifferent
This doesn’t fit, because the author does show a distaste for the proponents’ philosophy. She points out that their philosophy involved “unnecessary limitations on building design.” Indifference requires a more neutral attitude.