Self-study
Conclusion It is highly likely that Claudette is a classical pianist. ████ ████ █████████ █████████ █████████ ██████████ ████ ██ █████ ██████████ ██████ ███ ████ ████████ ██ ██████ ███ ███ ███ █████████ ████████ ██ ████ ██ █████ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ███ █████████ ████████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ██ █████ █████████
Summarize Argument
The argument claims that Claudette is probably a classical pianist. This is because most classical pianists recognize Schumann's works, and Claudette happens to also recognize them. Further, most people who aren’t classical pianists would not have recognized them.
Identify and Describe Flaw
These two ‘most’ relationships only tell us how likely someone may be to recognize or not recognize Schumann’s works. They say nothing about how likely someone is to be a classical pianist. It’s entirely possible that most people who recognize her works aren’t classical pianists. The argument’s flaw lies in the mistaken assumption that, among everyone in the world who recognizes Schumann's works, most of them are classical pianists. This flaw amounts to the author interpreting a ‘most’ relationship in the wrong direction.
21.
The reasoning in the argument █████ ██ ██████ ██ ████ ██
a
ignores the possibility ████ █████████ ██ ████ ████████ ████ ███ █████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ █████ ███ █████
This is irrelevant. The argument claims that she’s probably a classical pianist because she recognizes Schumann’s works. This claim is unaffected by how many other works she does or doesn’t recognize.
b
presumes, without providing ██████████████ ████ ██████ ███ ████ ███ █████ ██ █████ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ █████
This is irrelevant. Whether people who don't recognize Schumann's work has no bearing on whether Claudette is likely to be a classical pianist, since we know Claudette does recognize Schumann's works. What matters is how likely someone who recognizes Schumann's works is to be a classical pianist.
c
presumes, without providing ██████████████ ████ █████████ ████████ ██████ ████ ████ █████ ███████ ███████████
Whether classical pianists play other instruments or not is irrelevant to whether Claudette is likely to be a classical pianist. What matters is how likely someone who recognizes Schumann's works is to be a classical pianist.
d
relies for its ████████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ████ ███████████
The term “classical” is not vague since it consistently refers to a specific kind of pianist.
e
ignores the possibility ████ ███ ████████ ██ ██████ ███ █████████ ████ ██ █████ ██████████ █████ ███ ███ █████████ ████████
This is a flaw in the argument, because if most people who recognize many of Schumann's works are not classical pianists, then we cannot conclude that Claudette is probably a classical pianist merely because she recognizes many of Schumann's works. In fact, it would be likely that Claudette is not a classical pianist.