Self-study
P1
A number of natural disasters in recent years—such as earthquakes, major storms, and floods—that have affected large populations of people have forced relief agencies, communities, and entire nations to reevaluate the ways in which they respond in the aftermaths of such disasters. ███
Intro to Topic ·
Problematic disaster relief response
Critics: Problem ·
Traditional disaster relief is ineffective and sometimes destructive
Traditional Disaster Relief ·
Aid is given as soon as possible with high priority on quantity of aid
The belief is that a large and rapid infusion of aid is good.
P2
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Critics: Problem ·
Traditional relief itself is a problem
The large and rapid infusion of aid (personnel and materials) cannot be effectively absorbed by the disaster stricken community. Where are we going to house all these people? Where are we going to store all this stuff? Remember, our infrastructure is already strained by the natural disaster. Now it's under more pressure from this secondary "disaster" of too much people and stuff.
P3
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Critics: Alternative Solution ·
Focus on long term
Prepare the disaster-prone communities by having them tell you what they need long, long before disaster strikes. That way, when disaster strikes, you'll be ready to send in the appropriate kind of aid.
P4
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Author: Evaluation of Alternative Solution ·
Success depends on donors
Donors are crucial to success in the immediate aftermath of disaster but also in the long run. It's important that they too engage in dialogue with the communities.
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Problem-analysis
5.
It can be inferred from ███ ███████ ████ ███ ██████ █████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ████ █ █████ ██████ █ ████ █████████ ███████████ ██ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████
a
a development that █████ ███████ ████████ ███████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ █ ██████ ████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ████ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ███████
The author would agree with this.
b
a change that █████ ████ ███████████ ████ █████ ██████ █████ ████ ███████████ ███ █████ ██████████ ██████ ██ █ ███████████ █████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ████ ████ ███ ████████
There is no evidence that the author believes this would result in a reduction of short-term aid. The author
c
an approach that █████ ██████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ █████ █████████ █████ ███ █████ █████ ███ ███████ ███ █████████████ ████ ███████ ██████████ ██████ ███████
There is no evidence that the author believes this would result in a reduction of short-term aid. The author
d
a movement that, █████ ████ ████████████ ████ ██████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ █████████████ ██ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ ███
This is low-res wrong. The author’s main point is to argue for a solution, not to denigrate the solution.
e
the beginning of █ █████ ██ █████ ███ ██████████ ████ █ █████ ████ █████ █ ████████ ███ ██████ ████ █ █████ █████ █████████ ███ █████████ ██ ███████████ ███ ████████
The author would presumably be happy if this prediction came true. But there is no evidence that the author even believes that the solution he argues for will be adopted, much less begin a trend.