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passage 4
The following passage was written in the late 1980s.
P1
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Problem ·
Legal recognition and preservation of aboriginal rights
Partial solution ·
Constitutional protection of aboriginal rights
Preserves those rights already legally recognized
New problem ·
Inconsistent recognition and establishment of constitutional aboriginal rights by provincial (lower) courts
Provincial courts responsible to interpret Constitution
P2
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Define ·
Aboriginal rights
Ownership of land and resources, self-government, legal recognition of customs
Example ·
Of obstacles to recognition of rights by provincial courts
Provincial courts interpret the right to recognition of customs as applying only to customs held prior to colonization; but aboriginal societies lack legal documentation from that time
P3
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Revisit problem ·
Difficult to establish aboriginal rights in practice
Example ·
Of difficulty establishing rights in practice
Provincial court interpreted “ownership” of land in very limited sense
Author’s perspective ·
On land ownership ruling
Provincial court’s interpretation was too limited, outcome is regrettable and unsatisfactory
Passage Style
Problem-analysis
Single position
20.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ ██████ ███ ████ █████ ██ ███ ████████
a
The overly conservative ███████ ██ ████████ ██████████ ██████ ████ ████ █ ███████ ██ ██████████████ ███████ ████████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ███████
b
The overwhelming burden ██████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ██ ████████████ ██████████████ ████████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ ███████ ██ ██████████ ███████ ██ ████ ████ █████████ ██ █████
c
Constitutional language aimed ██ ██████████ ██████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ████ ███ ██████████ ██ █████ ██████ █████████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ████ ██ ████████████ ████ █████████
d
Constitutional reforms meant ██ ███████ ██████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ████ ██ ████ ██████████ ██████ ██ █████ █████ ███████
e
Efforts by aboriginal ██████ █████████ ██ ██████ ██████████████ ███████ ██ ██████ ███ ██ ████ ██████████ ██ █████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███████