PrepTest 118 - Section 2 - Passage 4 - Question 23

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The following passage was written in the late 1980s.

Problem · Legal recognition and preservation of aboriginal rights

Partial solution · Constitutional protection of aboriginal rights

Preserves those rights already legally recognized

New problem · Inconsistent recognition and establishment of constitutional aboriginal rights by provincial (lower) courts

Provincial courts responsible to interpret Constitution

Define · Aboriginal rights

Ownership of land and resources, self-government, legal recognition of customs

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Example · Of obstacles to recognition of rights by provincial courts

Provincial courts interpret the right to recognition of customs as applying only to customs held prior to colonization; but aboriginal societies lack legal documentation from that time

Revisit problem · Difficult to establish aboriginal rights in practice

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Example · Of difficulty establishing rights in practice

Provincial court interpreted “ownership” of land in very limited sense

Author’s perspective · On land ownership ruling

Provincial court’s interpretation was too limited, outcome is regrettable and unsatisfactory

Passage Style

Problem-analysis

Single position

23.

The passage provides the most ████████ ███ ███ █████ ████ ███ ██████ ███ █ ████████ ████████ ██████ █████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████

the 1982 constitutional ████████ █████████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ██████████████

The author believes the reforms needed to use general language (”necessarily general language”). There was no way they could be written using specific language. So there’s no support for the author having a negative attitude toward the requirement that courts interpret the reforms. The author would not argue that the language shouldn’t have been general or shouldn’t have required interpretation.

11%

the difficulties in ████████████ ████ █████ ██ ████████████ ███ ███████████

As with (A), the author doesn’t have a negative attitude toward the need for interpretation. Interpretation of general language is necessary.

the criterion used ██ █████████ █████ ███████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ██████████████ ██████████

The author doesn’t use words indicating a negative attitude in P2, whereas she does in P3 (”excessively conservative,” “regrettably”). So there’s not as much evidence of a negative attitude in connection with the requirements to show that customs are traditional.

the requirement that ██████████ ███████ ███████ █████████████ ███ ███████████ ███████

21%

the definition of █████████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████ ██ ████

The author calls the court’s decision “excessively conservative” in how it interpreted current law, and notes that it is “regrettable” that the case will have to proceed to the Supreme Court in order for the aboriginal group to be successful.

58%

PrepTest 118 - Section 2 - Passage 4 - Question 23

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