Self-study
Support Whoever is kind is loved by somebody or other, and Support whoever loves anyone is happy. ██ ███████ ████ ███████ ██ ████ ██ ██████
Summary
Whoever is kind is happy. Why? Because those who are kind are loved by somebody, and those who love anyone are happy.
Missing Connection
Based on the argument’s premises, we only know that whoever is kind is loved by somebody, and whoever loves anyone is happy. So why does the author conclude that whoever is kind is happy?
The author’s conclusion follows logically if we assume that whoever is loved by somebody also loves someone. (Contrapositive: if you don’t love someone, you aren’t loved by somebody).
23.
The conclusion follows logically if █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████
a
Whoever loves someone █████ █████████
It doesn’t matter whether those who love someone love more than one person. The correct answer must say that if you’re loved by someone then you also love someone.
b
Whoever loves everyone █████ ████████
If you love everyone, it’s implied that you love someone. (B) states a redundancy.
c
Whoever is happy █████ █████████
The argument says nothing about loving everyone. Assuming (C) would add a new component to the argument that’s not helpful.
d
Whoever loves no ███ ██ █████ ██ ██ ████
Contrapositive: Whoever is loved by someone also loves someone. And we know from the argument that those who love someone are happy. Therefore, (D) guarantees the argument’s conclusion: whoever is kind is happy.
e
Whoever loves everyone ██ █████
The argument says nothing about people who love everyone, so (E) is irrelevant.