Self-study
If one does not have enough information to make a well-informed decision, one should not make a decision solely on the basis of the information one does possess. ████████ ███ ██████ ████████ ██ ████ ███████████ █████ █ █████████████ ████████ ███ ██ █████
Summary
We’re given a principle that can be expressed as a conditional statement:
If you don’t have enough information to make a good decision, then don’t make the decision yet and instead seek out more information.
Find or Complete the Application
We need to find the right application of the above principle. We first want an answer choice that satisfies the sufficient condition by showing us a situation where someone doesn’t have enough information to make a good decision. We then need both necessary conditions to be present—the person doesn’t make the decision, and they seek out more information instead.
22.
Of the following, which one ████ ███████ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██████ ██████
a
Economists should not ███████ ███ ███████████ ██ ██ ████████ █████ ██████ ███████ ██ ██ █████ ██ ███████████ █████ ███ ███████ ████████ ████ ███████████ ██████ ███ █████ ██ ████ ████████████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ██ █████████
Wrong trigger and wrong conclusion. We need a situation where someone is trying to make a decision based on inadequate information, and we don’t know whether the current model is inadequate. We also need the economists to go seek out more information to decide whether believe the current model, which they do not do.
b
When deciding which ██████ ██ ███████ ███ █████ ██ ████████ █████████ ███ ██ ███ ███████████ ███ ████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████ █ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ █████ ██ █████████ █████████████ ████████ ███ ██████ ████████ █████ ███████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ██ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ████ ███ █████ █████ ███
Wrong trigger and wrong conclusion. (B) is saying to consider all of the information one has, not that the information is inadequate. (B) also doesn’t encourage one to hold off on deciding which career to pursue until they can get more information.
c
Though a researcher ███ ████ █ █████ ████ █████ █ ██████ ███ ██ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ ████ ███ ███████████ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ██ ███ ███████████ █ ████ ██████████ ██████ █████ ███ ███████ ████████ ████████████
Wrong trigger. There is no decision being made by the researcher, so the principle doesn’t apply. We are just evaluating whether they should assume they know everything.
d
When one wants ██ ███ █ ████████ ████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████ █████ ███ ██ ███ ████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████ ██ █████ ████████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███████ ███ ██████ █████ ███████ ███████ ███████████ █████████ ████ █████████ ████ ███████ ████████████
We’re talking about a situation where someone is making a decision based on inadequate information, so the principle applies. (D) then correctly tells us not to make the decision and to instead seek out more information.
e
When there is ███ ██████ ███████████ █████████ ██ █████████ ███ ███████ ██ █ ████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ███████ █████ ██ ███ ████████████ ████████████ ████████ ███ ██████ ██████ ███████████ ████ ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █████████ ████ ███ ████ ██████
Wrong conclusion. There isn’t enough information to decide what the poem means, which satisfies our sufficient condition, but (D) tells us to give up instead of seeking more information to determine the poem’s meaning.