Self-study
P1
In 1963, a three-week-long demonstration for jobs at the construction site of the Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York, became one of the most significant and widely publicized campaigns of the civil rights movement in the United States. ███
Intro topic ·
Demonstration for jobs at Downstate Medical Center
One of the most important and widely publicized campaigns in U.S. civil rights movement.
Details of demonstration ·
Led by African American ministers, supported by church congregations
Goal of demonstration ·
Force changes in government policies and trade union practices that excluded African Americans from construction jobs
P2
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Origin of demonstration ·
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) asked ministers to lead campaign
Risks to ministers ·
Ministers were politically moderate and embedded within major political parties and political offices
Leading a demonstration could damage ministers' political caraeers and reputation for effecting change through more established channels.
P3
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Impact of demonstration ·
Agreement to enforce existing antidiscrimination laws; drew public attention to construction discrimination; served as model for future protests by ministers
Some activists wanted more -- new laws or commitment to specific number of jobs for African Americans. But seems author's assessment is that demonstration was successful.
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
5.
The passage most clearly suggests ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ █████ ██ █████████ ███ ███ ███ █████████ █████████
a
The Downstate campaign ███ ███ ██████ █ ███████████ ██████ ██ █████ ███████ █████████ ███ ██████ ██████
Supported, because we know that the ministers had been working for a long time to “
b
After the Downstate █████████ ████ ████ ██ ██ ████████ ███████ █████ ███████ ██████████
We’re never told that the ministers went on to organize other similar campaigns. Although they served as a “model for future ministers,” this doesn’t imply that the ministers involved in the campaign directly organized other campaigns.
c
They had come ████████ ███ ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ ███ ████████████ ████████ ████ ██████ ██████ ███████████ ██ ███ █████████ █████████
We’re never told that the ministers ever came together before CORE asked them to, or that they ever came together to address problems in the construction industry before CORE asked them to.
d
They were criticized ████ ██ ████ ███ ██ █████ █████████ █████████████ ███ █████ ██████████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ █████████
We’re never told that CORE criticized the ministers for the results of the Downstate campaign.
e
Prior to the █████████ █████████ ████ ██ ████ ███ ███ ████ ████████ ████████ ██ █████ ██████ ███████████
Not supported, because although the ministers had not previously led protests like the Downstate campaign, this doesn’t imply that they had never been involved in civil rights activities. Maybe they had participated in protests as students or before they became ministers. Or, maybe they even participated in other kinds of civil rights activities as ministers, but not as leaders of a protest.