Self-study
Child psychologist: Some studies in which children have been observed before and after playing video games with violent content have shown that Support young children tend to behave more aggressively immediately after playing the games. ████ ████████ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ █████ █████ █████ █████ ████████ ██ ███████ ████ ██████████ ████████ ██ ███████████
Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis
The psychologist hypothesizes that violent video games lead kids to think aggressive behavior is okay. This is demonstrated by the phenomenon that, immediately after playing violent video games, kids show more aggressive behavior than they did before playing the game.
Notable Assumptions
The psychologist assumes that it is the violence in the games that leads children to act aggressively, as opposed to some other factor in the video games (e.g., maybe video games in general lead to increased aggression). Additionally, the author assumes that because children behave aggressively after playing the games, they believe such behavior is acceptable.
4.
Each of the following, if █████ ███████████ ███ █████ ██████████████ ████████ ███████
a
Young children tend ██ ██ ████ █████████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ ██████ ███████████ █████ ███████ █████ █████ ████ ███████ ████████
This strengthens the argument. Children being more accepting of other people’s aggression after playing violent video games strengthens the conclusion that violent video games lead children to believe violent behavior is acceptable.
Plausibility
Plausibility
Presenting evidence that corroborates (in Strengthen) or conflicts (in Weaken) with the author's hypothesized explanation or the predictions that follow from that explanation.
b
Many young children ███ ████ █████ ██████ █████ █████ ████ ███████ ███████ ███████ ████ ██████████ ████████ ██ ███████████
This does not affect the argument. The psychologist does not argue that violent video games are the only thing that makes kids believe aggressive behavior is okay—it could be one of many factors.
c
Other studies have █████ ██ ████████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ █████ ████████ ███ ████ ████ ██████ ██████████ █████ ██████
This strengthens the argument by supporting the assumption that it is violent video games—as opposed to video games in general—which cause aggressive behavior.
Plausibility
Plausibility
Presenting evidence that corroborates (in Strengthen) or conflicts (in Weaken) with the author's hypothesized explanation or the predictions that follow from that explanation.
d
Older children are ████ ██████ ██████ ███████ █████ █████ ████ ███████ ███████ ████ ████ ███ ██████████ ██ ███████ ████ ██████████ ████████ ██ ███████████
This strengthens the argument by suggesting that the psychologist’s conclusion applies to older children as well as young children—the phenomenon described by the psychologist is seen elsewhere as well.
Plausibility
Plausibility
Presenting evidence that corroborates (in Strengthen) or conflicts (in Weaken) with the author's hypothesized explanation or the predictions that follow from that explanation.
e
Young children tend ██ ██████ ████ ████████████ ███████████ █████ █████ ████ ████ ██████████ ████████ ██ ██████████ ████ ████ ███ ███████████
This strengthens the argument by reinforcing the psychologist’s assumption that violent video games teach children that aggressive behavior is acceptable.
Plausibility
Plausibility
Presenting evidence that corroborates (in Strengthen) or conflicts (in Weaken) with the author's hypothesized explanation or the predictions that follow from that explanation.