Self-study
Magazine article: Conclusion Sugar consumption may exacerbate attention deficit disorder (ADD) in children. █ ██████ █████ █████ ████ ████████ ███████ █████ ███████ ██ ██████████ ██████ █████ █████ █████████ █████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████ ████████ ██ ██████████ ██ ██████████ ██████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ██ ██████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ███████ ███████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █████ ███████████
Summary
Sugar consumption may make ADD worse. Why? Because a study found that sugar is linked to a rush of adrenaline.
Notable Assumptions
The adrenaline mentioned in the support is unlinked to ADD symptoms. We need to know that adrenaline can worsen ADD symptoms.
20.
Which one of the following ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ███ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ ███████ ████████
a
The adrenaline level ██ ████████ ███ ██ ███ ████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █████████ █████ ████████████
We don’t need information about children without ADD. (A) is saying that the adrenaline rush is limited to children with ADD, but that still doesn’t connect adrenaline to the worsening of ADD in the causal way that we need.
b
Overproduction of adrenaline ██████ ███ ██ █████████
We don’t need adrenaline to incite ADD, we need adrenaline to make the symptoms worse. The conclusion is about children that already have ADD and their symptoms worsening.
c
The most effective ███ ██ █████ ███ ██ ████████ ██ ██ ████████ █████ ██████ ██ ███████
It’s unnecessary for sugar restriction to be the best way to treat ADD. If we negate this and assume something else to be the best treatment, it’s still completely possible that sugar makes ADD symptoms worse.
d
Increased adrenaline production ███ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ █████████
This must be true. If negated, then the support has nothing to do with the premises—there would be no reason to believe that sugar makes ADD worse, because the connection from ADD to adrenaline would be severed.
e
Sugar consumed with ████ ██████████ █████ ████ █████ ████ ███ █████████████ ████████ ███ █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██ ████████ ████ ████
This does not build a bridge between adrenaline and ADD. (E) is essentially saying that the adrenaline-producing effect of sugar can be mitigated, but that isn’t necessary for the argument.