Self-study
Pure science—research with no immediate commercial or technological application—is a public good. ████ ████████ ████████ █ █████ ██████ ██ █████████ ███████ ███ ████ ███ █████ ███████ ██ ███ █████ █████ █████ ███████ ████████████ ████ ███ █████████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ██████████ ████████ █ ███████ ████ █████ ██ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ███████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██ ███████ ████ █████████
Summarize Argument
A society that wants the benefits of pure science should use public funds to support research. The research needs lots of funds and does not bring short-term profits. Private corporations will not fund projects without short term profits. Therefore, public funds should be used instead.
Identify Argument Part
This is an alternative course of action that is ruled out in favor of the conclusion. Private corporate funding won’t work, so we should use public funding instead.
11.
The claim about private corporations ██████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████████
a
It expresses the ██████████ ██ ███ █████████
This is not supported by any other part of the argument, so it cannot be the conclusion.
b
It explains what ██ █████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████████
This claim does not tell us anything about pure research. The actual definition of what is meant is contained between the em dashes.
c
It distracts attention ████ ███ █████ ██ █████ ██ ███████████ █ █████████ ███ ███████ █████
This does not describe a goal - it is telling us what corporations will not do. Additionally, it supports the point at issue by ruling out an alternative solution.
d
It supports the ██████████ ██ ██████ ███ ██ ███████████ ███ ██ █████████ ███ ████████ ██████████
This is descriptively accurate. One of the reasons that we should use public funds is because another option, corporate funds, is not accessible.
e
It illustrates a ████ █████ ███████████ ████████████ ██████ ████ █ ███████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████████████ ████████
This is not a case, it is just a rule that the behavior of private corporations follows.