Self-study
Support Any student who is not required to hand in written homework based on the reading assignments in a course will not complete all of the reading assignments. ████ ██████ █████████ ████████ ████ ███████ █████ ███████ ███████████ ██ ████ ███ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ █████████ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █ ██████ ███ █████ ███████ ███████ ███████████ ███ ██ ███████ ████████████ ██ ███████ ██ ████ ██████ ████ ███████ █ ████ █████ ███ ███ ███████
Summary
The author concludes that if students aren’t required to hand in written homework based on reading assignments, then they won’t get a high grade. She supports this by saying that without required written homework, students won’t complete all of the reading assignments.
Missing Connection
The author’s conclusion is about students’ grades, but her premises don’t mention grades at all. To get from her premises to her conclusion, the author must assume that any student who doesn’t complete all of the reading assignments will not get a high grade.
21.
The conclusion of the argument ███████ █████████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████
a
No student who █████████ ████████ ████ ████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ███████████ ███ █ ██████ ████ ████ █ ████ █████ ███ ████ ███████
In other words, any student who doesn’t complete all the reading assignments will not earn a high grade. This proves that without required written homework, students won’t complete all the reading, and thus won’t earn a high grade.
b
Any student who █████████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ███ ███████ ███████████ ███ █ ██████ ████ ████ █ ████ █████ ██ ████ ███████
Like (C), this may be true, but it doesn’t prove that students who do not complete all of the reading assignments for a course will not earn a high grade in that course.
c
All highly motivated ████████ ███ ████████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ███████████ ███ █ ██████ ████ ███████ ████ ██████ ███ ████ ███████
Like (B), this may be true, but it doesn’t prove that students who do not complete all of the reading assignments for a course will not earn a high grade in that course. Also, the conclusion is about all students, not just highly motivated students.
d
If highly motivated ████████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ ████████ ██ █████ ███████ ████████████ ████ ████ ████ ████████ ███ ██ █████ ███████ ████████████
This doesn’t address how the reading assignments relate to grades. Instead of (D), we need to establish that not completing the reading assignments leads to not receiving a high grade. Also, the conclusion is about all students, not just highly motivated students.
e
Some highly motivated ████████ ████ ████ ████ ██████ ██ █ ██████ ██ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ ████████ ██ █████ ███████ ████████████
This fails to establish whether students will earn high grades in a course if they are not required to hand in written homework. Also, the conclusion is about all students, not just highly motivated students.