Self-study
Consumer advocate: A recent study concluded that top-loading washing machines are superior overall to front-loaders. ███ █████████████ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ██████████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ██ ██████ ████████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ████ ████████████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ █████████████ ███ █████████
Summary
While top-loading machines are generally better than front-loaders, they are less convenient for wheelchair users. Therefore, front-loaders are better for at least some consumers.
Notable Assumptions
The argument moves from a claim that front-loaders are less convenient for wheelchair users to a claim that they are therefore better for some consumers (presumably those same wheelchair users). It does not, however, establish that being more convenient makes the front-loaders superior on the whole. There is hence a necessary assumption that convenience makes washing machines superior. There may also be an assumption that at least some wheelchair users are also washing machine consumers.
13.
Which one of the following ██ ██ ██████████ ████ █████ ███ ████████ ██████████ ████████ ████████
a
For some consumers ███ ███████████ ██ █████████████ █████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ███████████ ██ █████████ █████ ██ █████████
This explains why the convenience for wheelchair users means that front-loaders are superior for those users. If this were negated, and the convenience didn’t outweigh the advantages of top-loaders, then top-loaders may still be superior for all consumers.
b
Washing machines of █ █████ ████ ██████ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ███████ ████████ ██ ████ █████
The entire argument is built on a comparison between two types of washing machines.
c
Convenience is the ████ █████████ ██████ ██ ███████████ █████ ████ ██ ███████ ███████ ██ █████████
Too strong. While the argument does need convenience to be more important than other factors for some users, it does not need it to be the only important factor.
d
Retrieving clothes from █ ██████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ███ ████████████
The argument’s focus is on the fact that front-loaders are more convenient for some users - it doesn’t need to establish that that’s true for all users.
e
Retrieving clothes from █████████████ ██ ████████████ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ███ ██████████ ██████
The argument’s focus is on the fact that front-loaders are more convenient for some users - it doesn’t need to establish that that’s true for all users.