Self-study
Sexual reproduction is achieved when the gamete of a male organism unites with the gamete of a female organism to form a new and genetically unique cell. ████ ██ ███ ███ ███████ ███████████ ███████ ██ ███ ███████ ████████ █████ ██ ███ ███ ██████ ████████ ████████ ███ ███████ ████████ █████ ██ ███ ███ ██████ █████████ ████ ████ ██ █ ████ ███████ ███ ████████ ██ ███████████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████████ ███████ █ ███████ ████ ██ ███████ █████████ ████████ ██ ██ █████ ██ █████ ████ ██ ██████████
Summary
Sexual reproduction occurs when the gamete of a male and the gamete of a female unite and form a genetically unique cell.
Each gamete contributes equally to the genetic material in nucleus of the new cell.
The genetic material in the cytoplasm of the new cell comes exclusively from the female’s gamete.
GM62 is genetic material found only in the cytoplasm.
Notable Valid Inferences
GM62 comes from the female’s gamete.
13.
Which one of the following ██ █ ██████████ ████ ███ █████████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ███████ ██████
a
All female organisms ██████████ ████ ██ █████ ██████████
This could be false. We know that GM62 can only come from female organisms, but we don’t know that all female organisms contribute GM62 to their offspring. Coming from a female organism is a necessary, not sufficient, condition for contributing GM62.
b
Only female organisms ███ ██████████ ████ ██ █████ ██████████
This must be true. We know that only female organisms can contribute GM62 because only female organisms contribute the genetic material in the cytoplasm, and GM62 is found only in the cytoplasm.
c
Genetic material is ██████ ███████ ███████ ███ ███████ ███ ███ █████████ ██ █ ███ █████
This could be false. We have no information to indicate the breakdown of genetic information between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
d
The role of ███ ████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████████████ ██ ████ █████████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████
This could be false. The stimulus does not provide any information about relative importance of different gametes.
e
It is likely ████ █████ █████ ██ ███████ ████████ ████ ███ ███████████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ██████ ████ ██ ███████████
This could be false. The stimulus does not provide any information to indicate what kinds of genetic material will be identified in the future.