Self-study
P1
The 50 million sheep of New Zealand outnumber its people 13 to 1, the highest such ratio in the world. ██ ███ ████ ██████████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ███████ ██ ███ ███████ █████████ ████ ████ █ █████ ██ ████ █████████ █████ ██████ █████████ ███
Intro to Topic ·
New Zealand wool industry
Golden age in the 1950s.
Problem ·
Decline in wool production and profitability
Details of Problem ·
Competition from synthetics
Downward pressure on prices of "strong wool."
P2
██████ ████ ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ████ ████████ █████ ██ █████████████ █████ ██ ██ ███ ████████████ ███████████ ██ █████████ █████████████ ███ █████████ ██████████ █████ ███████ ████ ██ ███████ ███ ████ ████ ██ ██████ ████████████ █████ ████ █████████████ ██ █████████ █████████ ████ █████████ ████ ████ █████ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █ █████ ████ ██ █████ ███ ██████████ ███ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███████ ████ ███████████ ███████████ ████ ████████
Solution ·
Improve productivity to improve profitability
Productivity can be improved by adopting the best management and breeding practices.
P3
█████ ██ ███ █████ ██ █████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████ █████████████ ██ ███████ ████ ████ █████████ ████████████ ██ ███████ █████ ███ ████ ██ ████ █████████████ ████ ██████ ███████ ██████ ████ ███████████ ███
Solution ·
Better farm management
Status Quo ·
Producers are divided
Professional farms achieve high profitability. Family farms do not. Hooking this back to the previous paragraph, presumably the idea is that the family farms can learn management practices from the professionals.
P4
██ █████████ █████████ ███████ █████████████ ███ █████████████ ██ █ ██████████ ███████ ████████ ███████ ██████ █████ ███████████ ██ ███████ █████████ ███ █████████████ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████ ████████████ ██ ███████ ████████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ██ ████████████ ████ █████ █████████ █ █████ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ████████ ███████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ██████████ ████ ████████ ██ ████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ ███ ████ ██ █████████ █ █████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ██ ████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ ████████ █████ ██ ███████ ████████████ █████ ██ ████ ███████ ███████ ████████████ ███ ████ ██ ███ █████████ █████ ███████ ████ █████ █████████████ ████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ███████ ██████ ███ █████ ████████ █████ ███ ██ ██████████ ███ ████ ██ ████████ ██████
Solution ·
Establish commercial genetic research company
Not to increase wool processing efficiency. Instead, to focus on producing better quality wool more cheaply.
Passage Style
Problem-analysis
Single position
6.
Which one of the following ██████████ ██ ████ ███████ █████████ ██ ███ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ ████████
Question Type
Implied
Principle or generalization
It’s difficult to predict the correct answer just from the question stem, so let’s use process of elimination. Let’s keep in mind the author wants better farm management and the establishment of a genetic research company to address the problem of declining wool productivity in New Zealand.
a
An industry that █████ ██ ████████ ███ ███████ ████████████ ██████ ██████ ██ ██ █████████████ ██████ ███ ██████████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████ ████████
b
Increasing the overall ████████████ ██ ██ ████████ █████ ██ ███████ █████████ ███ ██████████ ███████ ███████ ██ ████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████ ████ ██████████ ████████
The author never suggests that the leading wool producers in New Zealand should “give aid” to the less productive wool producers. He cites the practices of the most productive wool producers as an example of the potential productivity that’s possible with better farm management, but that doesn’t imply the author think the best wool producers should do anything to help the other wool producers.
c
Even if an ████████ ███ ████████████ █████████ ███ █████████████ ██ ██████ ████████ ██ ███████ ███ ███████ ███ ████████ ██████
The wool industry in New Zealand has not successfully increased its productivity. So the author doesn’t use a principle that applies to industries that have successfully increased their productivity.
d
An industry whose ████████████ ██ █████████ ██████ █████ ███ ████████ █████████ ██ █████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████ █████████ ███████████
Not supported, because the author doesn’t advocate for wool growers to begin using the business practices of synthetic wool makers or other competing industries. Although the author wants better farm management, we don’t know that this better farm management should be modeled on what synthetic wool makers do. (If you think (D) might refer to the cotton industry, (D) is still wrong because it’s not clear cotton-growers are competing with wool-growers, and the author never suggests wool-growers should adopt the practices of cotton-growers. Cotton-growers are merely cited as an example of how it’s possible to become more productive through better farm management.)
e
If an industry's ████████████ ██ ██████████ ████ ████ ████████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████████
The author never suggests that the New Zealand wool industry should go back to any older practices. If anything, the author wants the industry as a whole to modernize and do what the most productive wool-growers do.