Self-paced
Passage A discusses the views of the economist and political thinker Thomas Sowell. ███████ █ ██ ███████ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ███████
███████ █
P1
███████ █████████ ██ ██████ ████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ███████ ████ ████ ██ ██████████ █████ █████ ████████████████ ███ ███████████ ████ ███ █████ ████████ ████ ███ ████████ ██████ ███ ████████ █████ ████ ██████████████ ███
Define "cosmic justice" ·
Idealized form of justice, requires perfect knowledge
Author's persepective ·
Legal system cannot and should not try to dispense cosmic justice
Because we don't have perfect knowledge.
P2
███████ ████████ █████ ████████ █████████ ██ █ ████ █████████ █████ ███ ██ ██ ██████████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ███ █████████████ ██████ █████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████████ ██ █████ ███████ ████ ██ ██ ████ ████ ███ ███ ████████ ███████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ███████████ ████████ █████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ███ ███████ ██████████████████ █████ ███ ███████ █████████ ██████ ██████ ███ ████████ ████████████ ████████████ ███████████ ███████ ██ █ █████████████ ██ ███████ ██ ██████████ █████ ██ ███████ ██ █████████ ███████████ ███ █████ ███████ ███ ██ ███ ████ ███
Explain ·
Why we cannot know what someone deserves
We don't have the information or intelligence needed to weigh every relevant factor.
Author's conclusion ·
Should base justice on consequences, not causes
███████ █
P3
██████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ █ ██████ ██████ ██ ███████████ ████████ ██ ██ █ █████████████ █████████ ████████ ██████████████ ███████ ██ █████████ ██ ██████████████ ██ █ ████████ ███
Draw distinction ·
Between cosmic justice and traditional justice
Traditional justice is based on process. Inference: if cosmic justice is fundamentally different from traditional justice, then cosmic justice is not based on process.
Illustrate ·
How traditional justice is based on process
P4
██ ███ █████ █████ ██████ ███████ █████████ █████ ██ ████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ██████████████ ████ ██ ███████████ ██ ██████ █████████████ ███ █████████ █████████████ ██ ████████ ████ ████████ ██████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ████████ ███████ ███ ████████ ██████ █ ████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ███ ███████ ███
Illustrate ·
How cosmic justice accounts for other factors besides process
Note author's perspective: the goals of cosmic justice are "foolish."
Author's perspective ·
Cosmic justice reduces deterrence
Passage Style
21.
Which one of the following ██ █████████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ███ ██ ███████ ██
a
punishment
b
trials
Not mentioned in Passage A.
c
rewards
d
legal systems
e
human limitations