PrepTest 130 - Section 2 - Passage 3 - Question 14

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Proponents of the tangible-object theory of copyright argue that copyright and similar intellectual-property rights can be explained as logical extensions of the right to own concrete, tangible objects. ███

Proponents · of tangible-object theory of copyright

Copyrights and IP are logical extensions of the right to own concrete, tangible objects.

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Proponents' Premise · Copyrightable works must be manifest in some physical form

If this is a necessary condition for the tangible-object theory, that's a major weakness...

Proponents' Premise · Ownership of object confers a number of rights to owner

E.g., right to hide; display; copy; destroy; transfer.

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Application · of tangible-object theory

Creating new object from gives all rights to owner. But transferring ownership of object doesn’t necessarily transfer all rights.

General · Retained rights is common in other areas of law

e.g., real estate

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Application · of retained rights

Original producer of object often retain the rights to copy for profit and to use for creation of derivative works.

Proponents' Claim · Chief advantage of tangible-object theory

It justifies IP rights without relying on ownership of abstract entities.

Author’s Critique · Tangible-object theory cannot apply to non-tangible things

E.g., live broadcast of a sporting event

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Author’s Critique · Tangible-object theory fails to acknowledge that value is in the idea, not the physical form

Example · The poet v. the transcriber

Reveals weakness in tangible-object theory. Clearly it should be the poet that owns the poem, not the friend who give the poem a tangible form.

Passage Style

Critique or debate

14.

Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████ █████ ██ ███ ████████

Question Type

Main point

The main point of this Critique passage is the author’s criticism of the tangible-object theory of copyright. The author is suspect of tangible-object theory because it does not account for the fact that there are some things that can be copyrighted that don’t have a tangible representation, and because it overlooks the factthat it’s often the ideas that matter, not the physical representation of the ideas.

Copyright and other █████████████████████ ██████ ███ ██ █████████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ███ ████████ ████████

This is a description of the tangible-object theory. The author’s main point isn’t to describe the tangible-object theory, but to criticize it.

Attempts to explain █████████ ███ ███████ █████████████████████ ██████ ██████ ██ █████ ██ ██████ ██ █████████ ██ ████████ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██████████

The main point of the passage is the author’s criticism of the tangible-object theory of copyright, which is the theory that attempts to explain intellectual-property purely in terms of ownership of physical objects. (B) accurately captures this main point.

81%

Copyrighting a work ███████ ██ ████████ ████████ ███████████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ██████ ██ ████ █████

According to theorists, this is what happens when the idea of retained rights is applied to intellectual property. This is not the main point of the passage as a whole; this just shows how one legal concept can be applied to the field of intellectual property.

Explanations of copyright ███ █████ █████████████████████ ██████ ██ █████ ██ ██████ ██ █████████ ██ ████████ ███████ ████ ██ ████████ ███ ████████ ████ █████ ██████ ██ ███████ ██ █████████ ███████

The author does not criticize the tangible-object theory on the grounds that ideas should be able to circulate freely; this is not descriptively accurate.

Under the tangible-object ██████ ██ ████████████ █████████ ██████ ██ █████████ ███ █████████████████ ██████████ ██ ████ █████ ███ ████████ ████████

This is descriptively inaccurate. The tangible-object theory is not based on the premise that people can own ideas.

PrepTest 130 - Section 2 - Passage 3 - Question 14

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