Self-study
Only people who are willing to compromise should undergo mediation to resolve their conflicts. ██████ ██████████ ██████ ██ ███████ ████ ████ ███ ██ ████ ████ █████ ████████ ██ ████████ ██████ █████ █████████ ███ █████ ██ ████████ ███ █████████ ██ ███████████
Summary
The stimulus can be diagrammed as follows:
Notable Valid Inferences
People shouldn’t undergo mediation if the conflict they seek to resolve is based on ideology.
10.
If the statements above are █████ ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ████ ██ █████
a
People who do ███ ███████ █████████ ██ ███████ █████ █████████ ██████ ██ ████ ████ █████ █████████ ███ ████████
Could be false. This answer wants you to believe that the only options for people with conflicts are mediation or litigation, but the stimulus doesn’t tell us that. Maybe there’s another conflict resolution method, or maybe some people don’t resolve their conflicts at all.
b
People whose conflicts ███ ███ █████ ██ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██ ███████ █████ █████████ ██ █████ ██ ███████████
Could be false. If your conflicts are not ideological, maybe you’re willing to compromise and you should mediate! Furthermore, we can’t make any inference connecting “ideology-based conflicts” with “should pursue litigation.” Maybe there are more conflict resolution methods.
c
People whose conflicts ███ █████ ██ ████████ ███ ███ ██████ ████ ████ █████ █████████ ███ ████████
Could be false. Nothing in the stimulus allows us to link ideology-based conflicts with being sure that one’s position is correct. Maybe everyone with an ideology-based conflict is sure that their positions are correct and they should all pursue litigation!
d
People who are ████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██ █████ █████████ ███ ███ ██████ ███ ██████ ███████ █████████ ██ ███████ █████ ██████████
Could be false. (D) wants you to confuse the necessary with the sufficient: we know that you should be sure you’re correct if you’re going to pursue litigation, but not that you should pursue litigation if you’re sure you’re correct. Maybe mediation is preferable to litigation.
e
People whose conflicts ███ █████ ██ ████████ ███ ███ ██████ ███ ██████ ███████ █████████ ██ ███████ █████ ██████████
Must be true. As shown below, we can chain the conditional claims to see that “should pursue mediation” is a sufficient condition of “conflicts are not ideology-based.” By the contrapositive, “conflicts ideology-based” is a sufficient condition of “should not pursue mediation.”