Self-study
Conclusion To keep one's hands warm during the winter, one never needs gloves or mittens. ███ ███ ██████ ████ █████ █████ ████ ██████ ██ ███████ ██ ██ █████ █████ ██ █████████ ████ ██ █ ███████ ██████████ ██ █ ████████ █████ ████ ███████ █████ █████ ██████ ████ ███ ████ █████ █████ ████ ██ █████
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that no one has to wear gloves or mittens to keep their hands warm in the winter. Rather, they can just use extra layers of clothing. This is because extra layers of clothing keep the vital organs warm, which in turn can keep the hands warm.
Notable Assumptions
The author assumes that wearing an extra layer always indirectly keeps the hands warm. Otherwise, it would be impossible to conclude that one never needs mittens or gloves.
2.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ ███████ ███ █████████
a
Maintaining the temperature ██ ████ █████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████ ████████████████ ████ ███████████ ███ ███████████ ██ ████ ██████
It doesn’t matter how important it is to keep your hands warm. We’re concerned with whether it’s possible to do so without gloves or mittens.
b
Several layers of █████ ████████ ████ ████ █████ █████ ██████ ██████ ████ ████ ███ ██ ███ █████ █████████
We don’t care how those layers are configured so long as they keep the vital organs warm. And even then, we really care if keeping the vital organs warm keeps the hands warm.
c
Wearing an extra █████ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████ █████ █████ ████ ██ ████████████ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ██████████
This refutes the author's assumption that an extra layer will always keep the hands warm. Knowing that this is impossible at cold enough temperatures severely damages the argument.
d
Keeping one's hands ████ ██ ███████ ██ ██ █████ █████ ██ ████████ ██ ████ █████████ ████ ███████ ██ ███ █████
We care about whether extra layers are enough to keep the hands warm. It doesn't matter whether layering is the most effective solution, just whether it works.
e
The physical effort ████████ ██ ███ ██ ██ █████ █████ ██ ████████ ████ ███ █████████ ███████████ ██████ ██ ████ ████ ██████
The author never says that the mere effort of putting on an extra layer is how the hands stay warm. They stay warm, supposedly, since the vital organs stay warm.