Self-study
Support A recent study of 10,000 people who were involved in automobile accidents found that a low percentage of those driving large automobiles at the time of their accidents were injured, but a high percentage of those who were driving small automobiles at the time of their accidents were injured. █████ ███ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ██ ███████ ██ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ ███ ██████ █ █████ ███ ██████ ████ █ █████ ████
Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis
The author hypothesizes that one is less likely to be injured in an accident if driving a large car rather than a small car. Why? Because of a study, where a higher percentage of people driving small cars were injured in accidents than people driving large cars.
Notable Assumptions
The author assumes that large vehicles don’t get in so many more accidents as to outweigh the relative percentages of injuries. For example, a 30 percent chance of an accident with a 10 percent chance of injury is worse than a 10 percent chance of an accident with a 20 percent chance of injury.
13.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ █████████ ███████ ███ █████████
a
Most of the █████████ ████████ ██ ███ █████ ████████ ██ █████ ████ ████ ████ █████ ███████
Because this affects small and large cars equally, it can't help us establish a difference that would undermine the argument.
b
Most people who ███ █████ ████ ████ █████ █████ ████ ██ █████████
The study is about what car people are driving when they get in accidents, not the cars they left in the garage. It's irrelevant what cars people own.
c
Half of the █████ ████████████ █████ ████████████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ██ █████ ██████████
The author is only comparing large and small cars, so medium-sized cars are irrelevant to the argument.
d
A large automobile ██ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ██ ████████ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ██ █ █████ ███████████
This adds an element that the author overlooked: the likelihood of having an accident. The relative chance of an accident affects the overall likelihood of injury, so this weakens the argument.
e
Only a small ██████████ ██ █████ ██████ ████████ ██ ██ ██████████ ████████ ███ ███████ ██ █ ███████
This lacks a comparative aspect. It doesn't matter what the overall chances of injury are, just the difference between small and large cars, which this doesn't affect.