Self-study
Support Many symptoms of mental illnesses are affected by organic factors such as a deficiency in a compound in the brain. ████ ██ ███████████ ████████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████████ █████ █████████ █████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██ ██████ ████ ██████ ██████████ ████ █████████ ███████████ ████ ███ ███████ ███████ ████ ██████ ████████ ██ ██████ █████████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██████ ██████ ███ ██████
Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis
The argument concludes that organic factors which affect the symptoms of mental illnesses are not evenly distributed around the world. This is based on the claim that symptoms of mental illness that are known to be affected by organic factors vary greatly in different places around the world.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The argument overlooks alternative explanations for the variation of mental illness symptoms, other than uneven distribution of organic factors. Other environmental or systemic causes, like climate, culture, or healthcare, could also affect mental illness symptoms. Differences in these alternative factors could explain the global variation of symptoms.
13.
The reasoning above is most ██████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ██
a
does not say ███ ████ █████████ ██████ █████████ ███ █████ █████████
There’s no need to specify how many different mental illnesses are being discussed in order to draw conclusions about the variation of certain symptoms of mental illness.
b
neglects the possibility ████ ███████████ ███████ ████ ██████████ ██ ████████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ █████ ████ ████ ███████ ██ ███████
This possibility is not neglected by the argument. It’s consistent with the argument’s conclusion that organic factors—such as deficiencies in compounds in the brain—vary across the globe.
c
fails to consider ███ ███████████ ████ ████████ ███████ █████████████ ██████ ███ ██████ █████████ ████████ ██████████ ██ ████████
The argument fails to consider any explanations for the variation of mental illness symptoms around the world, other than uneven distribution of organic factors. Cultural factors that affect the manifestation of mental illness would be one plausible alternative.
d
presumes, without providing ██████████████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ █████ █████████ █████████ ██████ ██ █ ██████ ██ ██████ █████████
The argument simply doesn’t claim that any change in brain chemistry manifests as a change in mental condition.
e
presumes, without providing ██████████████ ████ ██████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████████████ ██ ████████ █████████
The argument doesn’t claim that mental phenomena are only manifestations of physical phenomena, just that some mental phenomena (mental illness symptoms) are at least in part affected by certain physical phenomena (organic factors).