Self-study
Most opera singers who add demanding roles to their repertoires at a young age lose their voices early. ██ ███ ████ ████ ████ ████ ██ ███████ █████ ██████ ████ ███ ███ ███████ ███ █████ ████ ███ █████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ █████ ███████ ████ █████ █████ █████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ████ █████ ███████ ███ ████ ███████ ██ ████ ████ █████ ███████ ████ ███ █████████ ████████ █████████ ██ █████ █████████ █████ █████ ██████████████████ ████ █████ █████ ████ █████ █████████ ████ ██████ ██ ███ █████ ██████████ █████ ██ █ █████████ ███████ ███████
Summary
Most opera singers who take on demanding roles when young lose their voices early. Although some people think this is because voices typically aren’t powerful enough for demanding roles when singers are young, the actual reason these singers lose their voices early is that young singers don’t have the training they need to avoid straining vocal cords.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Singing a demanding role when young can cause vocal straining.
Lack of training, rather than lack of power, causes most singers who take on demanding roles when young to lose their voices early.
Improved training of young singers can help them keep their voices longer.
21.
Which one of the following ████ ███ ███████████ █████ ████ ████████ ████████
a
Young opera singers ███████ █████ █████ █████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ █████ ██████ ██ ███████ █████████ ██████
Unsupported. Although singers with great vocal power are the most likely to ruin their voices, that doesn’t imply singers without great vocal power are unlikely to ruin their voices. The stimulus indicates power or the lack of it is not the problem. Lack of training is.
b
Some young opera ███████ ████ █████ ██████ █████ ███████ █████████ █████ ███████ █████ █████ █████ ████ ███ ███ ████████
Antisupported. This describes a perspective the author rebuts. The author tells us that lack of matured voices is not the cause of losing voices early. Rather, lack of training is the cause.
c
Only opera singers ████ ████ █████ ██ █████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ██ ████ █████████ ██████
Unsupported. There’s no suggestion that the necessary training requires many years. Perhaps there are some young people who do have the necessary training. It’s OK for those singers to take on demanding roles.
d
Only mature opera ███████ ███ ████ █████████ █████ ███████ █████ ██████ ██ █████ █████ ██████
Unsupported. The issue is not the maturity of the voice. The issue is proper training to avoid straining one’s voice. So, young singers with proper training may still be able to sing demanding roles without undue strain.
e
Most young opera ███████ ███ ████ █████████ █████ ██████ █████ █████ ██████
Strongly supported. We know most young opera singers who sing demanding roles lose their voices early. The author tells us this is because these singers lack the training required to avoid straining their voices.