Self-study
University president: Support We will be forced to reduce spending next year if we do not increase our enrollment. ███ ██ ██ ███ ██ ████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████ ██ ████ ██████ ███ ████████ ████ █████████████ ███████ ████ █████████ ██ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ████████ ███ ███████████
Summary
The president concludes that the university needs more aggressive marketing to maintain its quality of education. She uses two premises to support this:
1. If enrollment doesn’t increase, the university will have to reduce spending. By the contrapositive, if the university doesn’t reduce spending, its enrollment will need to increase.
2. If the university doesn’t market more aggressively, its enrollment won’t increase. By the contrapositive, if the university increases enrollment, it must have marketed more aggressively.
Missing Connection
The idea of maintaining quality is in the conclusion, but it isn’t in the premises! So the answer choice will need to link “maintain quality” with the premises in one of the following ways:
1. To maintain quality, the university must not reduce spending; or, by the contrapositive, reduced spending would result in a difference in quality
2. To maintain quality, the university must increase enrollment; or, by the contrapositive, if enrollment doesn’t increase, quality will not be maintained.
Analysis by HollyShulman
20.
The conclusion of the university ███████████ ████████ ███ ██ ████████ █████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████
a
The university will ███ ████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████ ██ ██ █████████ ███ ███████████
b
The university will ███ ████ ██ ██████ ████████ ████ ████ ██ ██ █████████ ███ ███████████
c
The university will ████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ████ █████████████
d
The university will ███ ████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████ ██ ██ ███████ ████████ ████ █████
e
The university will ███ ████ ██ ██████ ████████ ████ ████ ██ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ████ █████████████