Self-paced
Passage A.
P1
███ ███████████ ████████ ███ ███████████ ███████ ██████████ █████ ██ ██████████ ████████████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ █████████ ██ █████████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███████ ██ ██ █████████ ██████████ ███ █ ███████ ████ ██ ███████ ████
Topic of passage A ·
Reasons to not prosecute
P2
█████ ██ ███ ███ ██████ ██████ ██████████████ ████ ██████████ ████ ██████ ████ ███████ ████ ███ ███████████ ████ ██████████ ███ ████ ███ ███ ████ ██ ███████ ███ █████ ██ █████████ █████████ █ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ████████ ██ ██ █████████ █████ ██ ███████████ █████ ███ ███████████ ██ █████ █████████ ███ ███ ████████ ███████████ ██ █████████ ███ ████
Premise 1 ·
Laws are overinclusive
They end up accidentally forbidding some acts that weren't meant to be forbidden.
Premise 2 ·
Always enforcing overinclusive laws means harming the innocent
Premise 3 ·
Instead, can choose to sometimes not prosecute ("discretionary nonenforcement")
P3
██ ███████ ████████ █████████████ ██████████████ ████ ███ █████████ ███ █████████ ██ █████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██████ ████ ██████ ███ ██████ ███████████ ███ ██████ █████ ███████████ ███ █████████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ ████ ███████ █████████████ ██████ ███ █████ ██ ███ █████ ███
Raise question ·
How law enforcement actually decides if/when to not prosecute
Does law enforcement actually prosecute for acts that weren't intended to be punished?
Author's perspective ·
Law enforcement mostly chooses not to prosecute acts that weren't intended to be punished
Punishing acts that weren't meant to be punished ("capricious enforcement") does occur, but it's not the norm because legislative oversight helps to counteract it.
███████ █
P4
███ █████████ ████████ ████ ███████ █████ █████████ ██ ███ ████ ███ ████ ██████ █████ ████████████ ██ ███████ ██████ ██ ████████ ██ ████ █████ █████ ███████████ ███ ███ ████ ████ ████ ████ ███████ ██ ███████ █████ ███ ██████████ ███
Problem ·
Overdue water bills
Solution ·
Selectively punish only some residents
P5
███ ████████ ██████ ███ ███████████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ███ ███ ████ ██ ████ █████ █████ ████████████████ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ █████████████ █ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ █████ ████ █████ █████████████ ██ █████████ ████████ █ ████████ ███ █████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ████████ ██████ ████████████ █████ ██ █ ████████ █████████ ██ ████ ███████ ████ █████ █████ ████████████
Alternative solution ·
Lien
Overdue bills are collected later, when the property is sold
P6
█████ ██████ ██ ███████ █ ████████ █████████ █████ █████ ████ █████ ████ █████ ███████ ██ █████ ██ ███ █████ ████ ████████████ █████ ███████ ███ ███ ██████ ███
Problem with alternative solution ·
Liens can't be used for unpaid water bills
Author's solution ·
Expand the law to allow liens for unpaid water bills
Passage Style
23.
Both passages explicitly mention which ███ ██ ███ ██████████
a
legal technicalities
Not stated in Passage A.
b
incentives
Not stated in Passage A.
c
loopholes
d
language
Not stated in Passage B.
e
overinclusive laws
Not stated in Passage B.