Researcher: Support Accurate readings of air pollution are expensive to obtain. ███████ ███ ███████ █████████ █████████ ████ ██████ ████████ ██████████ ███ ██ ███ █████ █ ███████ ███ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ██ ███████████ █████ █ █████████ ███████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ████████ ██████ ██████████ ██████████ ███ ████████ ██████ ██████████████ ███ ████████ ███ ███████ ████ █████ ████████ █████ ██████████ ██████████ ████████ ███ ███████ ████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ ██████████ █████ ███████ ███ ███████████ ███████ █████████ ████████████████████ ███████ ███████ ████ ██ ████████████
The researcher concludes that lichens can replace expensive pollution monitors without losing accuracy. As evidence, he describes an experiment in which he collected lichens from areas with copper pollution, measured their copper concentration, and compared the results with mechanical monitors. He found that the lichens were as accurate as the best equipment.
The researcher assumes that the lichens he tested are representative of all lichens. He also assumes that lichens can be used to accurately measure overall air pollution simply because they can be used to accurately measure copper pollution. He assumes that lichens absorb other pollutants, not just copper.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ ███████████ ███ ████████████ █████████
Mechanical monitoring devices ████ ███ ███████ ████ █████████ ██ █████ █████ ███ █████████ ██ █ ███████ ████████
Irrelevant. It doesn't matter where mechanical monitors have already been installed. This fails to address whether lichens can be used to accurately measure all air pollution or just copper pollution.
Copper particles are █ █████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ███████ ████████
Even if lichens can accurately measure one component of air pollution, we still need to know whether they can accurately measure the other components of air pollution.
Experiments have shown ████ ███████ ██████ ██ █████ █████ ███ █████████ ██ ████████
This fails to address whether lichens can accurately measure overall air pollution.
Lichens can easily ██ █████ ██ █████████████
Lichens may be easy to grow, but we still don’t know whether they can accurately measure overall air pollution.
Lichens absorb all █████ ███████████ ███ ██████████ ██ █ ██████ ███████ ██ █████ ██████████ ██ ███████
This suggests that lichens may indeed be an effective replacement for expensive pollution monitors. If lichens absorb all other major air pollutants like they do copper, then one can track the concentration of all the pollutants to measure overall air pollution.
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