Self-study
Recent epidemiological studies report that Country X has the lowest incidence of disease P of any country. █████████████ █████████ ██ ███████ █ ███ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ██████████ ███████ █ ███ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ████ ███ █████████ ██ ███ █████ ████████
"Surprising" Phenomenon
Why are residents of X who are reported to have disease P more likely to die from it than are residents of any other country, even though X has the lowest rate of disease P out of all countries?
Objective
The correct answer should help explain why the fatality rate for those reported to have disease P is higher in country X despite the lower rate of disease P in that country.
5.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ███████████ █████████ ██████
a
There are several █████ ██ ███████ ██ ████ ██ █████ ███ ████ ██████████ ████ ███████
But are residents of country X more likely to contract the more contagious forms of disease P? In any case, degree of contagiousness doesn’t indicate the deadliness of a disease. It indicates instead the likelihood of spreading to others.
b
Most of the █████ █████ ██ ███████ █ █████ ██ ███████ █ ███████ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ███████ ██
The statistic in the stimulus concerns residents of country X. So, deaths from people who don’t reside in country X are irrelevant, because they aren’t counted in the statistic.
c
In Country X, █████████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ██████ █████ ██ ███ ████████
This could explain both the lower rate of disease P in country X (mild cases go unreported) as well as the higher likelihood of death for those reported to have disease P. The reported cases would be more severe, on average, than cases in other countries.
d
The number of █████ ██ ███████ █ ████ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████████ ██████ ████ ████ ██ █████
Varying levels of disease P from year to year doesn’t help explain a lower rate of the disease in country X or why the reported cases are more deadly. We would already expect the number of cases not to be exactly the same every year.
e
Because of its ████████ ████ ███████████ █████ █████████ █████ ██ ███████ █ ████ ██ ████ █████ ██████████
We’re trying to explain the higher fatality rate of disease P in country X. Other illnesses don’t affect the fatality rate of disease P.