This could be false. We don’t know anything about the group of amateur scientists who have not won a Nobel prize for science.

This could be false. All we know about winners of a Nobel prize is that most of them are professional scientists and all of them have made significant contributions to science. We can’t make inferences about their motivations.

This must be true. As shown below, there is some overlap between the group of scientists who have made significant contributions and those who are motivated by the love of discovery. “Many” translates to “some.”

This could be false. We don’t have the information to compare the extent of overall contributions to science between professional and amateur scientists.

This could be false. We don’t have any information that indicates how likely one is to make significant contributions to science depending on their motivations.