Self-study
P1
When Jayne Hinds Bidaut saw her first tintype, she was so struck by its rich creamy tones that she could hardly believe this photographic process had been abandoned. ███ ███ ███ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ ███ ████ █████████ ███ █ ███ ██ ██████████ ███████ ████ ███ █████████████ ███████████ ███ █████ ██████ ██████ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ███ ████████ ██ █████ ████████ ██ █ █████ ██████ █████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ██ ████ ████████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████████████ ███ ███████ ███ ████████████████ ████████ ███ █████ ██████ █ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████
Technique ·
Tintype
Old technique of capturing an image on iron. Bidaut trying to revive it.
P2
███ ███ ████████████ ███ ██████████ ███ ███████ ██████ ███ ████████ ████████ █ ████████ ██ ████████ ████████ ███ ████ ██ █████ ██ ████ ███████ ███ ███████ ██████ ██ ██ ██████████ ██ ███████████ ████ █ ██████ ████ ████ █████ ████████
Technique ·
Albumen prints and tintypes
Estabrook using these techniques to create fake antiques.
P3
Artistic Trend ·
Photographers are embracing old techniques
More Techniques ·
Daguerreotype; egg coated paper; pinhole cameras; mixing emulsions
There's a ton of interest in these old techniques.
P4
███ ███ ██████████ ███ ███████ ████████ ███ ██████████████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ██ ████ ███ █████ ██████ ███ █████ ████████ ████ ██████ ████████ ██ █ ███ ████████ ████████ ██ ██████ ████ ████ ████████ ████████ ███████ ███ ████ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████ ████ ███ ███████ ██████ ██ █ █████████ ████ ███ █████████ ████████ ███
Reason ·
Hands-on and idiosyncratic
This was also why they became obsolete in the first place.
Reason ·
Idiosyncrasy, unpredictability, and accident
Estabrook values the accidental. It allows the photographs to elicit nostalgia.
P5
████ █████████████ ████ ███████████ ██████ █ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███████████████ ███ ██████ ████████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████████ ██████████ ████ ████ ██████████ ██ ███ ██ █ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ██████ ███ █████████ ████ ██ ███ ████████ █████████ ████ █ ██████████ ███ ██ ██████████████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ███ ███████ █████ ███ ███████████ ██ ██████████ ██ ████████ ████ ████████████ █████████████ ████ ████ █████ ████ ███ ███ ████████████
Reason ·
Unique works of art that bear the artist's mark
Techniques allow artists to leave their mark on their work, allow viewers to be intimate with photographs.
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
11.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ███████ ███████ ██ ███ ████████
a
to make a ████ ███ ███ █████████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████████ █████████
The author doesn’t “make a case” (argue) for something. She merely tells us what’s happening in photography. There’s no hint of the author’s advocacy for a particular view. Even if you think the author has a positive attitude toward the aesthetics of old processes, the passage isn’t designed to argue that these aesthetics are better. The passage is designed to tell us what’s happening in photography.
b
to provide details ██ ███ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ ████████████ ██████████ ███ ████ ██ █████████ ████████ ███████████
The author’s purpose isn’t to give “details” of how old methods are used. Even if you think some details are mentioned in the passage, the overall purpose is about the trend in use of old photographic techniques. The details are just a small part of telling the story of the trend.
c
to give an ███████ ██ █ ██████████ ██████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████████████ ████
This is the best answer. The author’s primary purpose is to put a spotlight on the trend of using old photographic processes. The author wants to tells us about an interesting thing that’s happening in photography. It’s “surprising” because modern techniques had come to be favored because they had many advantages.
d
to explain the ███████ ████ █████████████ █████ ███ ████████████ ██████████ ████ ████████
The author doesn’t indicate that particular photographers have received “acclaim.” In any case, even if she does, the purpose isn’t about the acclaim, it’s about the trend of using old techniques.
e
to contrast the ██████████ ████ ██ ███ ████████████ █████████████
The purpose isn’t to contrast two photographers’ techniques. Although the author mentions the techniques of two photographers, the author focuses on the techniques’ similarity as part of a broader story of some photographers’ preference for old techniques.