Self-study
Biologist: Support Scientists have discovered fossilized bacteria in rocks 3.5 billion years old. ███ ███████ ████████ ████ █████ ████████ ████ █████ ███████ ███ ██ ████ ████ ███████ ███ █ ████ ████████████ ███████ ████ ██████████ ███ ███████ █████ ████ ████████ █████ ██ ████ ███ ███████ █████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ████ ██ █████ ████ ████ ████████ ████ █████ ███ ████████ ██████████ ████ ██████████ ████ █████████ ██████ ████ ████████ ████ ████ ███ ██ ████ ██ █████ █████ ████ █████████ ██████████ ██████████ ███ █████████
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that life may be able to arise under difficult conditions throughout the universe. This is based on the finding of fossilized bacteria in 3.5 billion-year-old rocks. Since these bacteria were already complex, the author draws a subsidiary conclusion that the bacteria had a long evolutionary history by the time they were fossilized. Since Earth is only 4.6 billion years old, the author believes the bacteria must have appeared shortly after the Earth was formed, when conditions were difficult. This is why the author believes live might be able to arise under difficult conditions.
Identify Argument Part
The referenced text is a subsidiary conclusion.
24.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████████ ████████ ██ ███ █████ ████ ███ ██████████ ████████ ██████████ ██ █████ ███ ███████ █████ ███ ████ ████ ███ █ ████ ████████████ ████████
a
It is a █████ ███ █████ ██ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ██ ██████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █ ██████
The referenced text has support from the claim that the bacteria were quite complex.
b
It is a █████ ███ █████ ██ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ █ █████ ████ ██ ████ █████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █ ██████
The referenced text has support from the claim that the bacteria were quite complex.
c
It is a █████ ███ █████ ████ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ ███████ █████ ████ ██ ████ █████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █ ██████
This accurately describes the role of the referenced text. It’s a subsidiary conclusion.
d
It is a █████ ███ █████ ████ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ███████ ███ █████ █████ ██ ███ █████████
The referenced text is used to support the claim that the first life on Earth must have appeared soon after the planet’s formation.
e
It is a █████ ███ █████ ████ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ████████████ ███████ ██ █████ ██ ████████ ██ ███████ ███████ ███ ███ ██████
The referenced text does not support two distinct, unrelated conclusions. It supports the claim that the first life on Earth must have appeared soon after the planet’s formation. This claim in turn supports the last sentence. But these conclusion are not unrelated.