Self-study
Researchers compared the brains of recently deceased people who had schizophrenia with those of recently deceased people who did not have schizophrenia. ████ █████ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ██████ ████████ ██ ██████ ██ █ █████████ ██ █████ █████ ██████ ███ █████████ ████ ████ ████ ████ ██████ ████ ████ ████████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██████████ ████ ███ ████████ ████████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███████ ███ █████████ █████ ██ ███ ██████
Summary
In a study, 35 percent of recently deceased people with schizophrenia had damage in the brain’s subplate. No recently deceased people without schizophrenia had this kind of damage. The subplate damage must have occurred before the second fetal trimester. This is when the subplate controls the development of different connections in the brain.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Subplate damage may have a role in causing schizophrenia.
Damage that occurs before a person is born may have a role in causing schizophrenia.
20.
Which one of the following ███████████ ██ ████ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██████
a
Roughly 35 percent ██ ██████ ████ ████████ █████ █████████ ████ ██████████ ████ ██████████████
This answer is unsupported. 35 percent of people with schizophrenia have damage to the subplate, but we can't flip that around. We have no idea what percentage of people with subplate damage will develop schizophrenia
b
A promising treatment ██ ████ █████ ██ █████████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ███████████ ███████ ███ █████████ █████ ██ ███ ██████
This answer is unsupported. We don’t know anything about any possible or promising treatment of schizophrenia.
c
Some people developed █████████████ ███████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ █████ ████████ █████ ███ ██████ █████ ██████████
This answer is unsupported. The stimulus establishes a correlation between subplate damage and schizophrenia. We can speculate that some causal link is possible, but it's not certain. This answer is just too strong.
d
Schizophrenia is determined ██ ███████ ████████
This answer is unsupported. First, we don't know whether subplate damage is caused by genetic factors. Second, we don't even know for sure if subplate damage causes schizophrenia. And we don't know anything about other possible causes.
e
There may be █ █████ ██ █████████████ ████ ████████ ██████
This answer is strongly supported. Subplate damage occurs before birth, and from the correlation that the researchers found, we can speculate that this damage may contribute to causing schizophrenia.