Before contact with Europeans, the Haudenosaune, a group of nations in northeastern North America also known as the Iroquois, had been developing a form of communication, primarily for political purposes, that used wampum, a bead carved from seashell. ███
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It can be inferred from ███ ███████ ████ ███ ██████ █████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ █████ ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████
There is evidence ████ ███████ ███████ ██ ██████ ████ ████ ███ ████████ ██████████████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ █████████████
We have no evidence anyone besides the Haudenosaune used objects similar to wampum for symbolic meaning.
The Europeans who █████ ████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ ████████████ ████████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ █ ████ ██ ████████ ██ █████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ ███ ████ █████████████
We have no evidence the Europeans were aware of the true significance of wampum. In fact, we’re told they “
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We have no evidence Europeans used wampum in any of the long-standing ways wampum was used. They did use it as a medium of exchange, but this was not a then long-standing use.
A long-term peaceful ███████████ █████ ███ ██████ ████ ██████ ███ ████████████ ███████████ ███ ██ █████████ ████████████ ███ ███ ███ ██ ██████ ██ █ █████ ██ ██████████████
We have no evidence that peace among the nations that formed the Confederacy was required before wampum could be used for communication. In fact, we have evidence that wampum was used to communicate
Present day interpretations ██ ███ ████████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ██ ██████ █████ ███ ███ ███████████
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