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Support In the bodies of reptiles, some industrial by-products cause elevated hormonal activity. ████████ ██████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███████ ████ ██████ ███ ██ ████████ ████████ ███████████ ██ █████ █████ ██████ ████ ████ ████████ ████████ █████████ █████████ ███████ ██████████ ████ ███ ████████ █████████████ █████████████ ████ ██████████ ██ █ ██████ ███ ███████████ ██████████ ███████████ ████ ███████ ███ ███████ ██████████
Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis
The author concludes that industrial by-products have entered the swamp’s ecosystem. This is based on the following:
Some industrial by-products cause elevated hormonal activity.
Recently, some reptiles in this swamp had abnormal development that occurs only with elevated hormonal activity.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The author assumes that there’s no other cause of the elevated hormonal activity besides the industrial by-products. This overlooks the possibility that the reptiles’ hormonal activity could be due to something else, in which case, we cannot conclude that industrial by-products have entered the swamp.
1.
The reasoning in the argument ██ ████ ██████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ████████
a
provides no explanation ███ █████████████ █████████████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ████████ ████████ ████████
b
fails to consider ███████ ████████ ████████ ████████ ███ ██████ ████ ███████ █████ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ██████████ ███████████
c
fails to address ███ ███████████ ████ ██████████ ███████████ ████ █████████ ██ ████ ███ ██████████ ███
d
fails to say ███████ ████████ █████ ████ ██████████ ████ ████████ ███ ███ ████ █████████████ █████████████ ████ ████ ██████████ ██ ███ ██████████
e
uses evidence drawn ████ █ ██████ ██ ██████████ ████ ██ ████████ ██ ██ ██████████████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███████