Self-study
Scholar: Support Recently, some religions have updated the language of their traditional texts and replaced traditional rituals with more contemporary ones. █████ ███████ ████ ████ ████████ ██ █████████ ██ ██████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ████ █████ ██████████ ████ █████ ████ ███ ████ █████████████ ████ ██████ ██ █████████ ███████ ██ ███████████
Summarize Argument: Phenomenon-Hypothesis
The author concludes that any religion that updates the language of their traditional texts and replaces traditional rituals with modern ones will have an increase in the number of worshipers. This is based on the fact that certain religions have made these changes and experienced greater attendance after those chancges.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The author assumes that the modernization that some religions have undertaken caused the increases in attendance after those changes. This overlooks the possibility that the increases in attendance might have nothing to do with the modernization changes those religions made.
5.
The scholar's reasoning is flawed ███████ ███ ███████ ████████ ███████ ██████ ██████████ █████████████ ████
a
not every religion ███ ██████ ███ █████ ███ ███████ ███ ███████████ ███████
The author doesn’t assume that every religion can modernize. The conclusion concerns what will happen IF a religion modernizes; this doesn’t imply every religion will be able to do so.
b
modernization of religious █████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████
The author doesn’t assume that modernization won’t change a religion’s message. The argument simply concerns whether modernization will increase attendance. Changes in messaging may or may not happen.
c
the modernization of ███ █████ ███ ███████ ██ ████ █████████ ███ ███ █████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ ██████████
The author assumes that the modernization that some religions did caused their increases in attendance. This is flawed because the increase in attendance could have been due to other things, in which case, we have no reason to think modernization will lead to attendance increase.
d
making texts and ███████ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ███ ██ █████ █ ████████ █████ █████ █████ ██ ████████ ██ ██████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████
The conclusion doesn’t assert that modernization is necessary to increase attendance. It asserts that modernization is sufficient to increase attendance.
e
the growth in ██████████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ████ █████████ ████ ████ █████ █████ ███ ███████ ████ ██████ ██ ████████████
The author doesn’t assert that grow in attendance is irreversible. Maybe in the future the attendance will not increase and will decline; this doesn’t impact the reasoning of the argument