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Activist: Support Medical conditions such as cancer and birth defects have been linked to pollutants in water. ███████ ██████████ ████ ██ ████████ ███ █████████ ██████████ ████ ██ ████████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ██ ███████ █████ ████ ██████████ ██ ███████ █████ ████ ███████ ███ █████ ███████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ██ █████ ███████████ ████████ ███ ████ █████████ ███ ██ ██████ █████████████ █████ ███████ █████████ ██ ██ ████ ██████████ █████ ██ ███████ █████ ███████████ █████ ████ ████ ██████████ ███ ████████ ██ ██████ ██████████ ████ ██████ █████████████ ████████████
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that the only effective way to reduce significantly the incidence of most cancers/birth defects is to stop industries that are known to produce certain organic pollutants that have been linked to those conditions. The author supports this conclusion by asserting that most cancers/birth defects are incurable, so we need to aim at preventing them. In addition, industries that produce pollutants are not likely to comply with strict environmental regulations.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The author assumes there’s no other significant cause of cancer and birth defects besides the pollutants. This overlooks the possibility that something else, such as people’s diets, might cause a significant number of cancers/birth defects. If so, then we might be able to reduce significantly the incidence of those conditions without stopping the industries.
14.
A flaw in the activist's █████████ ██ ████ ██
a
fails to consider ███ ███████████ ████ █ ███████████ ██████ ██ ███████████ ██ ██████ ███ █████ ███████ ███ ██ ██████ ██ ███████████ ███████ █████ ████ ██████████ ██████████
b
does not consider ███ ███████████ ████ ██████████ ███ █████ ████ ██ ████████ ███████ ██ ████ ██ ██ █████ ██████
c
takes for granted ████ ███████ ███████ ███ ██ ████████ █████████████ ██ ███████ █████████ ██████
d
fails to consider ███████ ██████████ ███ ███████████ ████████ █████ ██████ ██ ██████████
e
fails to consider ███ ███████████ ████ █████████ ███ ██████████ ██ ██████████ ████ ████ ██████████ ███████ ███ ███ ██████████