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Explanations

PT13.S4.Q14

SECTION 1 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25

SECTION 2 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 3 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8

PASSAGE 2
Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13

PASSAGE 3
Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20

PASSAGE 4
Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

SECTION 4 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24

PrepTest 13 - Section 4 - Question 14

Question

Explanation

Analytics

Show analysis

Support Some of the world’s most beautiful cats are Persian cats. ████████ ██ ████ ██ ████████████ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ██████████ ███████████

Stimulus Breakdown

The stimulus starts with a "some" statement. Some of the world's most beautiful cats are Persian cats:

beautiful cats ←s→ Persian cats

The next sentence gives us a conditional statement. All Persian cats are pompous:

Persian cat → pompous

The last sentence gives us another conditional statement. Pompous cats are invariably (i.e., all) irritating:

pompous → irritating

Notable Inferences

The stimulus doesn't actually present us with a conclusion of its own, just with premises we can use to draw our own inferences. We have one "some" statement: some of the world's most beautiful cats are Persian cats. We also have two conditional statements: all Persian cats are pompous and all pompous cats are irritating. We can chain all these claims up to yield a few inferences: some of the world's most beautiful cats are pompous; some of the world's most beautiful cats are irritating; and all Persian cats are irritating.

beautiful cats ←s→ Persian cat → pompous → irritating

_____

beautiful cats ←s→ pompous

beautiful cats ←s→ irritating

Persian cat → irritating

For this question, we're looking for four statements that must be true, and one that is not required by the stimulus. We can expect to see four variants of the inferences we've made above.

Analysis by ArdaschirArguelles

Show answer

14.

If the statements above are █████ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ████ ████ ██ ████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ████ ███████

Some of the █████████ ████ █████████ ████ ███ ███████████

This translates to:

beautiful cats ←s→ irritating

That's one of the inferences we drew from the stimulus, so this must be true. This isn't the answer choice we're looking for.

Some irritating cats ███ █████ ███ █████████ ████ █████████ █████

This translates to:

irritating ←s→ beautiful cats

Remember that "some" statements can be read both ways. This is just a restatement of the inference we made that some of the world's most beautiful cats are irritating. So this must be true, and isn't the answer choice we're looking for.

Any cat that ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ █ ███████ ████

This may seem counterintuitive, but it must be true. It translates to:

/irritating → /Persian cat

Notice that this is just the contrapositive of one of the inferences we drew, that all Persian cats are irritating:

Persian cat → irritating

Since this is just a restatement of one of our inferences, it must be true. This isn't the answer choice we're looking for.

Some pompous cats ███ █████ ███ █████████ ████ █████████ █████

This translates to:

pompous ←s→ beautiful cats

Since "some" statements can be read both ways, this is just a restatement of the inference we made that some of the world's most beautiful cats are pompous. This must be true, and isn't the answer choice we're looking for.

Some irritating and █████████ ████ ███ ███ ███████ █████

This is what we're looking for. This translates to:

irritating AND beautiful ←s→ /Persian cat

This doesn't map onto any of the inferences we made. Since we know that all Persian cats are irritating, we also know that a cat that is not irritating is not a Persian cat:

Persian cat → irritating

/irritating → /Persian cat

But we don't have any information to draw a conclusion about cats that are irritating. Similarly, while we know that some of the world's most beautiful cats are Persian cats, we don't know anything about beautiful cats, let alone beautiful AND irritating cats, that are not Persian cats. So this answer choice doesn't have to be true.

Difficulty

Question

77% of people who answer get this correct

This is a difficult question.

CURVE

Score of students with a 50% chance of getting this right

25% 145

155

75% 165

Analysis

Question Stem Tags

Except (LR)

Stems featuring the word EXCEPT, flipping the default status of right & wrong answers.

Must be true

Stems that ask which answer choice "must be true." Related to Inference and MSS, but correct answers require 100% support with no assumptions of any kind.

Stimulus Tags

Conditional reasoning

Stimuli that feature conditional and set logic (e.g. A → B, A is true, therefore B is true).

Quantifier

Stimuli that feature the logic of intersecting sets (e.g. some, most, all; might, probably, certainly).

Answer Popularity

Popularity Avg. score

159

162

13%

162

157

77%

169

Question history

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