Self-study
Derek: We must exploit available resources in developing effective anticancer drugs such as the one made from mature Pacific yew trees. ████████ ███ ███ ██████████ █████ ██ ███████████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ █████████ ████ █████ ██ █████████ █████████ ███████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████████ ████████ █████ ████ █████ ██ ████████
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Counter-Argument
Derek says that even though Pacific yew trees might be threatened, we should harvest them now to make anti-cancer drugs, since a synthetic version of the chemical they contain might take a long time to develop.
Leah counters David's argument by providing additional information: it is not only the yew population that would be threatened if we harvested these trees, but the spotted owl. Threatening both the yew and the owl might damage the whole ecosystem. Thus, Leah argues, we should wait for a synthetic chemical to be developed.
Describe Pseudo-Sufficient Assumption
Let's consider the premise → conclusion structure of Leah's argument. Despite all she says about the spotted owl and the Pacific yew both being threatened, the point of talking about both of these is to say that harvesting the yew trees could have "far-reaching consequences for an entire ecosystem." This is the main premise she uses to conclude that we should wait for a synthetic drug to be developed.
In other words, the bases that need to be covered by a principle in one of these answer choices are likely something like:
harm ecosystem → /harvest yews
More generally, we might expect something along the lines of: "If an action would harm an entire ecosystem, it is worth not taking that action despite potential human harm."
Analysis by ArdaschirArguelles
7.
Lola’s position most closely conforms ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ███████████
a
Unless people’s well-being ██ ███████████ █████ ██████ ██ ██ ██████ ████████ ████ ██████████ ██████████ █████ ███ ██████ ████████████
b
Medical researchers should ████ ████ █████████████████ ██ ████ ██ ██ █████████ █████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ███ ███ ███ ███████ ████
c
Environmental concerns should ████ █ ████ ██ █████████ ██████████ ███████ ████████ ████ ██ █████ █████ ███ ███ ██ ██████
d
Only medical breakthroughs ████ █████ ████ █████ █████ █████ ███████ ███████████ ███ ████████████
e
Avoiding actions that ████████ ██ ██████ █████████ █████ ██████████ ████ ███████████ █████████ █████████ ██ █ ██████████ █████ ██ ███████