Self-study
Support Of all the houses in the city’s historic district, the house that once belonged to the Tyler family is the most famous by far. █████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██ ███ ████ ██████ ████████ ██ ███ █████ ███ █████ █████ ████ ██ ███ ████████ ████ ██████ ██████
Argument Breakdown
The argument concludes that the Tyler house is the most famous house in the city. Why? Because the Tyler house is the most famous house in the city's historic district, and the historic district is the city's most famous district.
The problem is, these facts in no way prevent there being a more famous house elsewhere in the city. Sure, the Tyler house is the most famous house in the most famous district, but there could absolutely be a more famous house in another district that's less famous overall. This is the argument's flaw.
Objective: Identify a Parallel Flawed Argument
The correct answer will tell us that an item in a set (e.g. the Tyler house, in the historic district) has a superlative quality (e.g. most famous) within that set. It will also say that the set itself has the same superlative quality within a superset (e.g. all districts). From that, it will conclude that the item has the superlative quality within the superset. That's the pattern we want to match.
19.
The flawed reasoning in the ████████ █████ ████ ███████ █████████ ███ ██████ █████████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████
a
Of all the █████ ██ ███ ███████ ████████ ██████ █████ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ █████ ███ ███████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ████████ ██████ █████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███████ █████
(A) is a valid argument, so it can't possibly have the same flaw as the stimulus. (A)'s premise that the coastal range has all the tallest peaks in the region diverges from the stimulus' claim that the historic district is the "most famous" district. The stimulus would be parallel (and valid) if it said that all the most famous houses are in the historical district.
b
Tobacco smoking is ███ ████████ ████ ██████ ██ █████ ████ ██████ ██ ███████ █████ ████ ███████ ██ ██████ ██ ██████ ██████ ████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ██████ ██████ ████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ ██████
(B) isn't a valid argument, but it nonetheless doesn't match the stimulus, in a couple of places. (B) starts with an item in a set: smoking, within the set of human behaviors. But it then abandons the initial set and switches to discussing Greene County.
(B) also doesn't apply the same superlative of "most likely to cause lung cancer." Instead, Greene County gets the superlative of "most tobacco smoked," which is something different.
c
Susan Coleman is ███ ██████ ██ ███ █████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ ███ █████ ███████ ████████ ███ ████ █████ ████ ███ ██ ███ █████ ████████ ███ ████ ██ █████ █████████ █████ ███████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ █████████
(C) is a valid argument, so it doesn't match the stimulus. (C)'s premise that the Coleman family has all the oldest children in the building doesn't parallel the stimulus' claim that the historic district is the "most famous" district. This divergence is what allows (C)'s argument to logically follow.
d
Of all the ████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██████████ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ █████████ ██ █████ █████ █████ ███ ████ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ██████████ ████ ██████ ████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ █████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ █████
(D) is a flawed argument, but one that doesn't parallel the stimulus. This is because it doesn't apply the same superlative to the item (Miller's Fish Market) and the set (the harbor area). Miller's has the "most exotic selection," but the harbor area has the "most fish stores."
e
Of all the ███████ █████ ██ ███ ██████████████ █████████ ███████ ███ ███████ █████ ███ ███ ████ ██████████ █████ ███ ██████████████ █████████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ███ ███████ █████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ ███████ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████
(E) gives us an item in a set (the Oakland roses in the university garden), which has a superlative quality: being the most beautiful. It then tells us that the set has the same superlative quality within a superset (the region). In conclusion, (E) says that the item has the superlative quality within the superset. This parallels the stimulus.