We're trying to explain what the small humanoid skeletons were. Some scientists believe that they were humans with growth disorders. The author disagrees. She believes that they were a different species of human that evolved to be small because of environmental pressures. As evidence, she points out that the skeletons do not fit known growth disorders, which weakens the scientists' hypothesis. She also points to fox and mouse species that on the island that evolved into smaller versions, which supports her own hypothesis.

The conclusion offers an alternate explanation about the skeletons found on an Indonesian island: “It is more likely that they represent a distinct human species that became smaller over time due to environmental pressure.”