Rhonda: As long as the cost is not too great, you should use your time, energy, or money to help others. ██████ ███ ███ ██████ ████████████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ████ ██████ █████ ████ ███████ ████████ ███████ ██████████ ███ ███████ ███ ███
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Rhonda concludes that we should use our time, energy, or money to help others, as long as the cost isn’t too great to us. Why? Because people who help others have richer lives than people who don’t.
Brad concludes that we should focus our generosity on our immediate relatives and close friends. Why? Because these are the people who will return the favor when we need help.
Both Rhonda and Brad appeal to self-interest in their recommendations. Rhonda advocates charity because of the assumption that it will bring us a richer life. Brad advocates being charitable only with friends/relatives, because they’ll help us when we need it in the future.
Which one of the following ███████████ ██ ██████ █████ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ████ ████████ ███ ██████ ██████████
One should always ██ ████ ████ ███████ ███ ████ ███████ ███ ███ ████ ███████
Neither appeals to this principle. We don’t know that charity brings the most benefit for the most people, nor do we know that focusing on friends/relatives brings the most benefit for the most people.
One should treat ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ██ ███████ ██ █████
Neither appeals to this principle. Rhonda doesn’t refer to anyone’s expectations of treatment. Although Brad refers to the potential for friends/relatives to help us, he doesn’t advocate generosity because we expect generosity from others. His advocacy is based on the benefit we’ll get from the generosity of others, not merely on the expectation that others will be generous. If others’ generosity would not benefit us, then Brad’s argument wouldn’t work.
One should act ██ ████ ████ ████ ███████ ████████
Supports both Rhonda and Brad. Rhonda assumes that charity will benefit oneself by helping to give us a richer life. That’s why she recommends charity. Brad believes charity toward friends/relatives will cause them to help us in the future, benefiting ourselves. That’s why he recommends focusing on friends/relatives.
One should make ██████████ ███ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ██████████ ██████ ███ ██████
Rhonda doesn’t appeal to any principle concerning how others respond to our generosity.
One should always ███ ██ █ ██████ ████ ███ ███ ███████ ██ ████ ██████
Neither appeals to a principle based on how proud we are of an action.